অনার্স ৩য় বর্ষ অ্যাডভান্সড অ্যাকাউন্টিং-১ সাজেশন ২০২৬ উত্তরসহ PDF | Advanced Accounting-I Suggestions with Answer

এই পোস্টে অনার্স ৩য় বর্ষ অ্যাড্ভান্সড অ্যাকাউন্টিং-১ সাজেশন ২০২৬-এর মোট ৪৮৮টি প্রশ্ন দেওয়া হয়েছে। জাতীয় বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের অনার্স ৩য় বর্ষের অ্যাডভান্সড অ্যাকাউন্টিং-১ (বিষয় কোড ২৩২৫০৩) পরীক্ষার জন্য এই সাজেশনটি তৈরি করা হয়েছে। এতে ৭টি অধ্যায়ের ৩২০টি প্রশ্ন এবং ২০১৯–২০২৪ সালের বোর্ড প্রশ্ন ১৬৮টি — মোট ৪৮৮টি প্রশ্ন রয়েছে। এই পোস্টে শুধু প্রশ্ন দেওয়া হয়েছে; সব প্রশ্নের উত্তর একসঙ্গে PDF-এ আছে।

এক নজরে

ক-বিভাগ: অতিসংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

১ম অধ্যায়: শেয়ারহোল্ডারদের ইকুইটির হিসাবরক্ষণ

1. কোম্পানি কাকে বলে?
2. কোম্পানির তিনটি প্রধান বৈশিষ্ট্য লিখ।
3. শেয়ার কাকে বলে?
4. “প্রি-এমটিভ” অধিকার কি? অথবা, ‘পূর্ব-ক্রয় অধিকার’ কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৮]
5. বোনাস শেয়ার কাকে বলে?
6. ফার্মের বাজার মূল্যের সূত্র কি?
7. অর্জিত মূলধন কী? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
8. সাধারণ শেয়ার কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
9. পরিশোধিত মূলধন বলতে কি বুঝ? [জা.বি. ২০২২]
10. কর্পোরেট মূলধন কী? [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৬, ২০২০, ২০২৪]
11. মালিকের অবশিষ্ট স্বার্থ বলতে কি বুঝ?
12. সমমূল্যের শেয়ার কি?
13. অংশগ্রহণকারী অগ্রাধিকার শেয়ার কী? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
14. শেয়ার বিপরীত বিভাজন কী? [জা.বি. ২০২০]
15. সমমূল্য বিহীন শেয়ার/স্টক কি?
16. স্টক বিভাজন কী? অথবা, স্টক খণ্ডন (Stock split) কাকে বলে? [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৬, ২০২৩]
17. সম্পত্তি লভ্যাংশ কী? [জা.বি. ২০২০, ২০২২]
18. অবসায়ন লভ্যাংশ কী? [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] [জা.বি. ২০২৪]
19. ট্রেজারি শেয়ার কী? অথবা, ট্রেজারি স্টক কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৩, ২০১৭, ২০১৯, ২০২১]
20. ট্রেজারি স্টক ক্রয়ের পদ্ধতিগুলো কি কি?
21. পূর্ণরূপ লিখ : BSEC. [জা.বি. ২০২১, ২০২৩]
22. পূর্ণরূপ লেখ : NOPAT. [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] [জা.বি. ২০২৪]

২য় অধ্যায়: কোম্পানির আর্থিক বিবরণীসমূহ

1. আর্থিক বিবরণী কী? [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] অথবা, আর্থিক বিবরণীর সংজ্ঞা দাও। [জা.বি. ২০১৮, ২০২৪]
2. আর্থিক বিবরণীসমূহ কী কী? [জা.বি. ২০২০]
3. আর্থিক বিবরণীর উপাদানগুলো কি কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৬, ২০২২]
4. মোট মুনাফা কি?
5. 'আন্তর্জাতিক হিসাবমান-১' এর শিরোনাম কী? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
6. কোম্পানির আর্থিক বিবরণী ১৯৯৪ সালের কোন ধারা মতে প্রস্তুত করা হয়? [জা.বি. ২০১৪]
7. আর্থিক প্রতিবেদন কি?
8. আয় বিবরণী কি?
9. আয় বিবরণীর উপাদানসমূহ কি কি?
10. আয় বিবরণী কত প্রকার ও কি কি?
11. একধাপ আয় বিবরণী কি?
12. বহুধাপ আয় বিবরণী কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০১৭]
13. বিক্রীত পণ্যের ব্যয় কি?
14. পরিচালন ব্যয় কি?
15. বিক্রয় বা বিপণন খরচগুলো কি কি?
16. প্রশাসনিক বা সাধারণ খরচ গুলো কি কি?
17. অপরিচালন আয় ও ব্যয় কি?
18. অপরিচালন আয়গুলো কি কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৫]
19. অপরিচালন ব্যয়সমূহ কী কী?
20. সংক্ষিপ্ত আয় বিবরণী কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
21. বিশদ আয় বিবরণী কি?
22. আর্থিক অবস্থার বিবরণী/উদ্বর্ত পত্র কি?
23. আন্তঃবিভাগীয় লেনদেন কী?
24. মালিকানা স্বত্ব কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৩]
25. সম্পত্তি কি?
26. চলতি সম্পত্তি বলতে কি বুঝ?
27. দুটি অলীক সম্পত্তির নাম লিখ।
28. মুক্ত নগদ প্রবাহ কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৯, ২০২১]
29. মজুদ পণ্য কি?
30. অস্পর্শনীয় সম্পত্তি কি?
31. মালিকানা তহবিল কি?
32. নগদ সমতুল্য কী? [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] [জা.বি. ২০২৪]
33. নগদ সমতুল্য কী কী? [জা.বি. ২০২০, ২০২২]
34. প্রাথমিক খরচ/প্রারম্ভিক ব্যয় কি?
35. শেয়ার বাট্টা ও ঋণপত্রের বাট্টা কি?
36. অবলিখন চুক্তি কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
37. অবলেখক কে? অথবা, অবলেখকের দস্তুরি কি? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
38. সুনামের অবলোপন কি?
39. লভ্যাংশ কি?
40. চূড়ান্ত লভ্যাংশ কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
41. অন্তর্বর্তী লভ্যাংশ কী? [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] [জা.বি. ২০১৮, ২০২৪]
42. বকেয়া তলব কি?
43. অগ্রিম তলব কি?
44. সম্ভাব্য দায় কি?
45. বিলম্বিত দায় কাকে বলে? [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
46. নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণী কী? [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] [জা.বি. ২০২৪]
47. নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণীর উপাদানগুলো কী কী? [জা.বি. ২০২১]
48. অবচয় কি?
49. অবচয় নির্ণয়ের সূত্রটি লিখ।
50. ভগ্নাবশেষ মূল্য কি?
51. পূর্ণ জামানতযুক্ত পাওনাদার কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৬]
52. ১৯৯৭ সালের দেউলিয়া বিষয়ক আইন কোন কোন ক্ষেত্রে প্রযোজ্য? [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
53. রিসিভারকে কে নিয়োগ করেন?
54. ব্যাংকের চিরকুট পদ্ধতি কী?
55. গুপ্ত সঞ্চিতি কী? [জা.বি. ২০২২]

৩য় অধ্যায়: আয় শনাক্তকরণ (আইএএস-১৮)

1. রাজস্ব আয় বলতে কি বোঝ? অথবা, রাজস্ব আয়ের সংজ্ঞা দাও। [জা.বি. ২০১৩]
2. IAS-18-এর উদ্দেশ্য কি?
3. আয় শনাক্তকরণ নীতি কি? অথবা, রাজস্ব শনাক্তকরণ নীতির মূলকথা কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৫]
4. আয় শনাক্তকরণ প্রক্রিয়ার চারটি লেনদেন কি কি?
5. কিস্তি বিক্রয় পদ্ধতি কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৮]
6. ফ্র্যাঞ্চাইজ কি? [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৬]
7. পরিমাণ বাট্টা কি?
8. নগদ বাট্টা কি?
9. রাজস্ব শনাক্তকরণ কী? [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] [জা.বি. ২০২০, ২০২৪]
10. সরবরাহের পূর্বে আয় চিহ্নিতকরণ বলতে কী বুঝ? [জা.বি. ২০২০]
11. বিল ও হোল্ড বিক্রয় কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০১৮]
12. বিল ও হোল্ড বিক্রয়ের কারণ কি?
13. ট্রেড লোডিং এবং চ্যানেল স্টাফিং বলতে কি বুঝ?
14. প্রাথমিক গণপ্রস্তাব কি? [জা.বি. ২০২১]
15. সমর্পণ মূল্য কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৪]
16. স্বয়ংশোধক ভুল কি? [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৫, ২০১৭, ২০২২]
17. আয়ের বিভিন্ন নামগুলো কী কী? [জা.বি. ২০২১]
18. অবশেষ আয় নির্ণয়ের সূত্রটি লেখ। [জা.বি. ২০২২]
19. ফ্র্যাঞ্চাইজি কে? [জা.বি. ২০২০]

৪র্থ অধ্যায়: ইজারা হিসাববিজ্ঞান

1. ইজারা বা লিজের সংজ্ঞা দাও। অথবা, ইজারা কি?
2. লিজ কত প্রকার ও কি কি?
3. ইজারা চুক্তির শর্তাবলি কি কি?
4. ইজারাদাতা কে?
5. ইজারা গ্রহীতা কে?
6. পরিচালন ইজারা কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৬, ২০১৭, ২০২০]
7. প্রত্যক্ষ অর্থায়ন ইজারা কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৪]
8. মূলধন ইজারা/লিজ কি? [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০১৮, ২০২৪]
9. অফ ব্যালেন্স শিট অর্থায়ন কী? [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৬, ২০১৯]
10. নিট ইজারা কি? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
11. ঋণ সুবিধাযুক্ত ইজারা কি? অথবা, লিভারেজড ইজারা কি? [জা.বি. ২০১২]
12. রক্ষণাবেক্ষণ ইজারা কি?
13. রক্ষণাবেক্ষণ ইজারার মধ্যে কোন কোন উপাদান বিদ্যমান থাকে? [জা.বি. ২০১২]
14. ন্যূনতম ইজারা পরিশোধ কি?
15. নির্বাহী ব্যয় কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৩, ২০২১]
16. গণপ্রস্তাব কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
17. বাতিলযোগ্য ইজারা বলতে কি বুঝায়?
18. বাতিল অযোগ্য ইজারা বলতে কি বুঝায়?
19. অগ্রাধিকারযুক্ত পাওনাদার কারা? [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৮]
20. সরবরাহের পর আয় চিহ্নিতকরণ কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
21. ইজারার ক্ষেত্রে খেলোয়াড় কারা? [জা.বি. ২০২১]

৫ম অধ্যায়: হিসাবের পরিবর্তন এবং ভুলের বিশ্লেষণ (আইএএস-৮)

1. হিসাবমান-৮ এর উদ্দেশ্য কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৬, ২০১৮]
2. হিসাববিজ্ঞান পরিবর্তন বলতে কি বুঝ? অথবা, হিসাববিজ্ঞান পরিবর্তন কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৫]
3. হিসাববিজ্ঞানে ভুল বলতে কি বুঝ?
4. পাল্টা উদ্বৃত্তবিহীন ভুল বলতে কি বুঝ?
5. স্বয়ংশোধক ভুল কি? [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৫, ২০১৯]
6. অ-স্বয়ংশোধক ভুল কি?
7. বিষয় বিবরণী কী? অথবা, বিষয় বিবরণী বলতে কি বুঝ? [জা.বি. ২০১২]
8. রেভিনিউ স্বীকৃতির পদ্ধতি কত প্রকার ও কি কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
9. হিসাববিজ্ঞান নীতির পরিবর্তন কী? [জা.বি. ২০২০]
10. হিসাব অনুমানের সংজ্ঞা দাও। অথবা, হিসাববিজ্ঞান অনুমান কী? [জা.বি. ২০২০, ২০২২]
11. প্রতিবেদন সত্তার পরিবর্তন কী? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
12. অতীতের প্রতিবেদনসমূহের পরিবর্তন মতবাদটি কী? [জা.বি. ২০২৪]

৬ষ্ঠ অধ্যায়: অপারেটিং সেগমেন্ট এর হিসাব (আইএফআরএস-৮)

1. অপারেটিং সেগমেন্ট কি? অথবা, পরিচালন/কার্যকরী বিভাগ কী? [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৪, ২০১৬, ২০১৮, ২০২০]
2. প্রধান অপারেটিং সিদ্ধান্ত গ্রহণকারী বলতে কী বুঝ? অথবা, CODM কি? অথবা, CODM কে? [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৯]
3. সেগমেন্ট প্রতিবেদন কি? অথবা, সেগমেন্ট প্রতিবেদন কাকে বলে? [জা.বি. ২০১৭, ২০২১]
4. সেগমেন্ট ব্যবস্থাপক কে? [জা.বি. ২০১৩]
5. অপারেটিং সেগমেন্ট হওয়ার পূর্বশর্ত কি?
6. একত্রীকরণ বলতে কি বুঝ?
7. প্রতিষ্ঠানের কেন্দ্রীকরণ বলতে কি বুঝ?
8. প্রতিষ্ঠানের বিকেন্দ্রীকরণ বলতে কি বুঝ?
9. বিকেন্দ্রীকরণের প্রধান সুবিধাগুলো কি কি?
10. বিকেন্দ্রীকরণের দুটি অসুবিধা লিখ।
11. দায়িত্ব হিসাববিজ্ঞান কি?
12. ব্যয় কেন্দ্র কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
13. IFRS এর পূর্ণরূপ লিখ। [জা.বি. ২০১৩, ২০১৫, ২০১৬, ২০২০]
14. মুনাফা কেন্দ্র কী? অথবা, মুনাফা কেন্দ্র কাকে বলে? [জা.বি. ২০২২]
15. CODM এর পূর্ণরূপ কি? [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৬]
16. সংখ্যাত্মক সীমানা (Quantitative threshold) কী? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
17. অবশেষ মুনাফা (RI) কি? [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৬]
18. অদাবীকৃত লভ্যাংশ কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৮]
19. অবশেষ মুনাফার সূত্রটি লিখ। [জা.বি. ২০১৫]
20. অর্থনৈতিক মূল্য সংযোজন কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৯, ২০২১]
21. মার্জিন কী? [জা.বি. ২০২০, ২০২৪]
22. দীর্ঘমেয়াদি ঠিকাকার্যের হিসাব সংরক্ষণের দুটি মূল পদ্ধতি উল্লেখ কর। [জা.বি. ২০২২]

৭ম অধ্যায়: দেউলিয়া সম্পর্কিত হিসাববিজ্ঞান

1. দেউলিয়া বলতে কি বুঝ?
2. দেউলিয়ার অর্থ কি?/দেউলিয়া কে?
3. একজন দেনাদারকে কখন দেউলিয়া ঘোষণা করা যায়? [জা.বি. ২০১২]
4. অব্যাহতি বলতে কি বুঝ?
5. ক্রয় প্রতিদান কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
6. অব্যাহতিপ্রাপ্ত সম্পত্তি কী? অথবা, 'অব্যাহতিপ্রাপ্ত সম্পত্তি' সংজ্ঞা দাও। [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৬, ২০২১]
7. অব্যাহতি প্রাপ্ত সম্পত্তি কত ধারায়?
8. দেনাদারের কর্তব্য কি? অথবা, দেনাদারের প্রধান কাজসমূহ কি?
9. রিসিভার কে? [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০১৬, ২০১৯, ২০২২]
10. রিসিভার ফিস কি?
11. রিসিভার ফিসের পরিমাণ কত?
12. কারা পূর্ণ জামানতযুক্ত পাওনাদার? অথবা, পূর্ণ জামানতযুক্ত পাওনাদার কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৩, ২০১৭]
13. আংশিক জামানতযুক্ত পাওনাদার কি?
14. জামানতবিহীন পাওনাদার কাকে বলে?
15. জামানতবিহীন পাওনাদার কারা? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
16. ঘাটতি হিসাব কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৭, ২০২১]
17. বিষয় বিবরণী কখন প্রস্তুত করা হয়?
18. বিষয় বিবরণীর দায়ের শ্রেণিবিভাগ কি কি?
19. অংশীদারী ব্যবসায়ের দেউলিয়াত্ব হিসাব কিভাবে প্রস্তুত করা হয়?
20. 'বাট্টাকৃত বিলের দায়' কী? [জা.বি. ২০২৪]

খ-বিভাগ: সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

১ম অধ্যায়: শেয়ারহোল্ডারদের ইকুইটির হিসাবরক্ষণ

1. Toma/Promee Ltd. has currently 5,00,000 outstanding shares of Tk. 5 par value common stock. The corporation declares a 20% stock dividend on June 1, 2017 at this time the fair value of the stock is Tk. 35 per share. The company distributes this dividend on June 30, 2017 :
   (i) Prepare journal entry for declaration of stock dividend.
   (ii) Prepare a journal entry for payment of stock dividend. [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০১৭]
2. লভ্যাংশ নীতি কি? অথবা, লভ্যাংশ নীতি বলতে কি বুঝ? [জা.বি. ২০১৫]
3. As an auditor for the CPA firm of Hinkson and Calvert, you encounter the following situations in auditing different clients :
   (a) LR Corporation is a closely held corporation whose stock is not publicly traded. On December 5, the corporation acquired land by issuing 5,000 shares of its Tk. 20 par value common stock. The owners asking price for the land was Tk. 1,20,000 and fair value of the land was Tk. 1,10,000.
   (b) ABC Corporation is a publicly held corporation whose common stock is traded on the securities markets. On June-1, it acquired land by issuing 20,000 shares of its Tk. 10 par value stock. At the time of the exchange, the land was advertised for sale at Tk. 2,50,000. The stock was selling at Tk. 11 per share.
   Required : Prepare the journal entries of each of the situation above. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
4. Doel/Nasrin Corporation issued 300 shares of Tk. 10 par value common stock and 100 shares of Tk. 50 par value preferred stock for a lump sum of Tk. 13,500. The common stock has a market price of Tk. 20 per share and the preferred stock has a market price of Tk. 90 per share. Pass the relevant entries to record the issuance. [জা.বি. ২০১২] [জা.বি. (ডিগ্রি) ২০১৬]
5. সাধারণ শেয়ার ও অগ্রাধিকার শেয়ারের পার্থক্য দেখাও। অথবা, সাধারণ ও অগ্রাধিকার শেয়ারের মধ্যে তুলনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০২০]
6. Zahin Mines Limited issued a dividend to its shareholders of Tk. 25,00,000. The cash dividend announcement noted that shareholders should consider Tk. 18,00,000 as income and the remainder a return of capital. How does Zahin Mines Limited record the dividend? [জা.বি. ২০২৪]
7. বিভিন্ন ধরনের শেয়ার মূলধনের বর্ণনা দাও। অথবা, শেয়ার মূলধনের প্রকারভেদ লিখ। [জা.বি. ২০১২]
8. The following data were taken from the balance sheet accounts of Saad Corporation on December 31, 2018.
   Account Titles:
   Current assets: Tk. 5,00,000
   Debt investment: Tk. 6,24,000
   Common share (Par value Tk. 10): Tk. 6,00,000
   Paid-in capital in excess of par-common share: Tk. 1,50,000
   Retained earnings: Tk. 8,00,000

   Instructions : Prepare the required journal entries for the following unrelated items :
   (a) A 5% stock dividend is declared and distributed at a time when market price is Tk. 39 per share.
   (b) A dividend is declared January 5, 2019 and paid January 25, 2019, in bonds held as an investment. The bonds have a book value of Tk. 90,000 and a fair value of Tk. 1,25,000. [জা.বি. ২০১৯]

9. স্টক খণ্ডন এবং স্টক লভ্যাংশের মধ্যে পার্থক্য দেখাও। অথবা, স্টক খণ্ডন ও স্টক লভ্যাংশের মধ্যে তুলনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৯, ২০২১]
10. The outstanding capital stock of Edna Millay Corporation consists of 2,000 shares of Tk. 100 par value, 8% preferred and 5,000 shares of Tk. 50 per value common.
    Instructions : Assuming that company has retained earnings of Tk. 90,000, all of which to be paid out dividends and that preferred dividends were not paid during the 2 years preceding the current year, state how much each class of stock should receive under each of the following conditions :
    (a) The preferred stock is non cumulative and fully nonparticipating.
    (b) The preferred stock is cumulative and fully nonparticipating. [জা.বি. ২০২১]
11. শেয়ার ও স্টকের মধ্যে পার্থক্য কি? অথবা, শেয়ার ও স্টকের মধ্যে তুলনা কর।
12. At 1st January 2022 Saad Ltd. has 20,000 outstanding common stock stated value Tk. 15 per share and retained earnings Tk. 1,30,000. During 2022 Saad Ltd. took part in the following transactions relating stockholders equity :
    May 15: Declared a 5% stock dividend on outstanding common stock when the stock is selling for Tk. 50 per share.
    June 1: Issued the stock dividend.
    June 10: Announced a 3- for 1 stock split.
    Nov. 15: Purchased 5,000 treasury shares for Tk. 28 per share.
    Required : Prepare stockholders' equity section. [জা.বি. ২০২২]
13. Akku Ltd. Company purchased from its stockholders 4,000 shares of its own previously issued stock for Tk. 1,60,000. It later resold 300 shares for Tk. 35 per share, then 1,000 shares for Tk. 50 per share, then 2,000 shares Tk. 36 and finally 500 shares for Tk. 34 per share.
    Instruction : Prepare journal entries for the purchases and sales of the treasury stock. [জা.বি. ২০২০]
14. “লভ্যাংশ অবশ্যই নগদে পরিশোধ করতে হবে।”—তুমি কী একমত? ব্যাখ্যা কর। [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
15. X Ltd. Company/Alexander Hamilton/P Ltd. Company purchased from its stockholders 5,000 shares of its own previously issued for Tk. 2,50,000. It latter resold 2,000 shares for Tk. 55 per share; then 2,000 shares Tk. 48 and finally 1,000 shares for Tk. 40 per share.
    Required : Prepare journal entries for the purchase of the treasury stock and sales of treasury stocks. [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৬, ২০১৮]
16. Nazif Limited Company purchased from its stock holders 5,000 shares of its own previously issued stock for Tk, 2,60,000. It later resold 2,000 shares for Tk. 56 per share, then 2,000 shares Tk. 49 per share and finally 1,000 shares for Tk. 42 per share.
    Required : Prepare journal entries for the purchase of the treasury stock and three sales treasury stock. [জা.বি. ২০২৪]
17. ABC/Zerin Corporation issued 1,00,000 shares of Tk. 20 per value cumulative 8% preferred stock on January 1, 2015 for Tk. 21,00,000. In December 2017 Zerin Co. declared its first dividend of Tk. 5,00,000.
    Required :
    (a) Prepare Zerin Co. journal entry to record the issuance of the preferred stock.
    (b) Calculate the amount of dividend which will be paid to common stock holders if preferred stock is cumulative and non-cumulative. [জা.বি. ২০১৮]
18. Prime Corporation issued 300 shares of Tk. 10 par value common stock and 100 shares of Tk. 50 par value preferred stock for a lump sum of Tk. 14,200. The common stock has a market value of Tk. 20 per share and the preferred stock has a market value of Tk. 90 per share. Prepare the journal entries to record the issuance. [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
19. Fakhrul company issued 3,000 shares of stock.
    Required : Prepare the entry for the issuance under the following assumptions :
    (a) The stock had a par value of Tk. 5 per share and was issued for a total of Tk. 54,000.
    (b) The stock had a stated value of Tk. 5 per share and was issued for a total of Tk. 54,000.
    (c) The stock had no par or stated value and was issued for a total of Tk. 54,000.
    (d) The stock had a par value of Tk. 5 share and was issued to attorneys for services during incorporation valued at Tk. 54,000.
    (e) The stock had a par value of Tk. 5 per share and was issued for land worth Tk. 54,000. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]

২য় অধ্যায়: কোম্পানির আর্থিক বিবরণীসমূহ

1. From the comparative balance sheet of Shahin Co. Ltd. show the following changes in current assets:
   Accounts receivable decrease Tk. 8,000, Prepaid insurance increase Tk. 1,500 and Inventory increase Tk. 3,000.
   Compute net cash provided by operating activities using the indirect method assuming net income Tk. 25,000. [জা.বি. ২০১৮]
2. আয় বিবরণী কি? অথবা, আয় বিবরণীর সংজ্ঞা দাও।
3. Square Ltd. had the following activities during 2023 :
   Net income Tk. 35,000, Issued common stock for cash Tk. 64,000, Paid cash dividend Tk. 14,600, Paid cash to settle note payable Tk. 50,000, Paid cash acquire treasury stock Tk. 12,000, Purchased equipment by cash Tk. 39,000.
   Prepare the financing activities section of the statement of cash flows for 2023 : [জা.বি. ২০২২]
4. Arash photography reported net income of Tk. 1,00,000 for 2021. Included in the income statement were depreciation expense of Tk. 5,000; amortization expense of Tk. 3,000; and a gain on sale of equipment of Tk. 3,600.
   Arash's comparative balance sheet show the following balances :
   • Accounts receivable: 31.12.2020 = Tk. 27,000; 31.12.2021 = Tk. 21,000
   • Accounts payable: 31.12.2020 = Tk. 16,000; 31.12.2021 = Tk. 19,200
   Required : Calculate net cash provided by operating activities for Arash photography. [জা.বি. ২০২১]
5. নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণী ও আয় বিবরণীর মধ্যকার পার্থক্য কী?
6. Five Star Co. / Star Co. engaged in following transactions during 2018 :
   • Building purchase: Tk. 90,000
   • Treasury stock purchase: Tk. 30,000
   • Sales of land: Tk. 2,00,000
   • Cash dividend paid: Tk. 90,000
   • Equipment purchase: Tk. 50,000
   • Retirement of bond: Tk. 50,000
   • Sales of investment: Tk. 25,000
   Compute net cash provided or used by investing activities on the basis of above transactions. [জা.বি. ২০১৬] [জা.বি. (ডিগ্রি) ২০১৮]
7. From the following data calculate cash flows from operating activities using indirect method :
   Net income Tk. 50,000, depreciation Tk. 7,000, opening current assets Tk. 15,000, closing current assets Tk. 20,000, opening current liabilities Tk. 20,000, closing current liabilities Tk. 18,000, gain on sale of fixed assets Tk. 2,000, goodwill written off Tk. 500. [জা.বি. ২০২০]
8. Safah Corporation had the following income statement for 2018 :
   • Sales: Tk. 2,00,000
   • Cost of goods sold: Tk. (1,20,000)
   • Gross profit: Tk. 80,000
   • Operating expense (including depreciation Tk. 21,000): Tk. 50,000
   • Net income: Tk. 30,000
   The following accounts increased during 2018 :
   Accounts receivable Tk. 17,000; Inventory Tk. 11,000; Accounts payable Tk. 13,000; Prepaid expenses Tk. 5,000; Accrued expenses Tk. 6,000.
   Instruction : Prepare the cash flow from operating activities using direct method. [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
9. উদ্বৃত্তপত্র ও বিষয় বিবরণীর মধ্যে পার্থক্য বর্ণনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০২২]
10. The following income statement is for Akiz Corporation for 2016 :
    • Sales: Tk. 2,50,000
    • Less : Cost of goods sold: Tk. 1,30,000
    • Gross margin: Tk. 1,20,000
    • Less : Operating expenses: Tk. 80,000
    • Depreciation expense: Tk. 10,000 -> Total operating expenses = Tk. 90,000
    • Income from operation: Tk. 30,000
    • Less : Non-operating expenses:
    Loss on sale of equipment: Tk. 2,000
    Interest expense: Tk. 10,000 -> Tk. 12,000
    • Income before income taxes: Tk. 18,000
    • Less : Income tax: Tk. 8,000
    • Net Income after tax: Tk. 10,000
    Other informations :
    • Account receivable: 31-12-2015 = 60,000; 31-12-2016 = 50,000
    • Prepaid expense: 31-12-2015 = 6,000; 31-12-2016 = 4,000
    • Inventory: 31-12-2015 = 32,000; 31-12-2016 = 40,000
    • Account payable: 31-12-2015 = 18,000; 31-12-2016 = 16,000
    Compute 2016 Cash flow from operating activities. [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
11. নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণী প্রস্তুতের ক্ষেত্রে অনগদ বিনিয়োগ এবং অর্থায়ন কার্যাবলির চারটি লেনদেন লেখ। [জা.বি. ২০২৪]
12. The information of Lara Trading as of December 31, 2015 are given below :
    Accounts receivable Tk. 68,400; Interest revenue Tk. 6,000; Prepaid rent Tk. 9,300; Prepaid insurance Tk. 3,900; Equipment Tk. 1,32,000; Accumulated depreciation-Equipment Tk. 44,000; Rental service revenue Tk. 3,80,000; Salaries expense Tk. 2,75,000; Travelling expense Tk. 38,940; Interest expense Tk. 13,200.
    Additional data :
    (1) The prepaid rent was for prepaid for the period January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015.
    (2) Depreciation the equipment is Tk. 8,800 per year.
    (3) The prepaid insurance was for the period April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016.
    (4) Salaries incurred but unpaid total Tk. 3,300 at December 31, 2015.
    Required : Prepare a multiple step income statement. [জা.বি. ২০১৫]
13. Benaros Co. reports the following information for 2014. Sales revenue Tk. 7,00,000, cost of goods sold Tk. 5,00,000, operating expenses Tk. 80,000 and an unrealized holding loss on available for sale securities for 2014 of Tk. 60,000. It declared and paid a cash dividend of Tk. 10,000 in 2014. Benaros company had January 1, 2014, balances in common stock Tk. 3,50,000, accumulated other comprehensive income Tk. 60,000 and retained earnings Tk. 80,000. It issued no stock during 2014.
    Instruction : Prepare a statement of stockholders equity. [জা.বি. ২০১৪]
14. On January-1, 2023, Abram Corporation had retained earnings of Tk. 7,10,000. During the year Abram Corporation had the following selected transactions :
    (a) Declared cash dividends Tk. 1,30,000.
    (b) Corrected overstatement of 2022 net income because of inventory error Tk. 40,000.
    (c) Earned net income Tk. 3,50,000.
    (d) Declared stock dividend Tk. 90,000.
    Required : Determine the retained earnings balance at the end of the year. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]

৩য় অধ্যায়: আয় শনাক্তকরণ (আইএএস-১৮)

1. Rupa Trading sold equipment to Brother Ltd. for Tk. 20,000. The equipment is on Rupa's books at a net amount of Tk. 14,000. Rupa collected Tk. 10,000 in 2010, Tk. 5,000 in 2011 and Tk. 5,000 in 2012. If Rupa uses the cost-recovery method, what amount of gross profit will be recognized in each year? [জা.বি. ২০১৫]
2. IAS-18 কি? অথবা, IAS-18 সম্পর্কে সংক্ষিপ্ত ধারণা দাও। অথবা, আয় শনাক্তকরণের প্রক্রিয়া IAS-18 অনুসারে সংক্ষেপে বর্ণনা দাও।
3. Zahin Incorporation sells goods on the installment basis and uses the installment-sales method. Due to a customer default, Zahin Incorporation repossessed merchandise that was originally sold for Tk. 950, resulting in a gross profit rate of 35%. At the time of repossession, the uncollected balance is Tk. 600 and the fair value of the repossessed merchandise is Tk. 260.
   Required : Prepare Zahin's entry to record the repossession. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
4. কিস্তি বিক্রয় পদ্ধতি ও ব্যয় পুনরুদ্ধার পদ্ধতির মধ্যে পার্থক্য দেখাও। অথবা, কিস্তি বিক্রয় পদ্ধতি ও ব্যয় পুনরুদ্ধার পদ্ধতির মধ্যে তুলনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৬]
5. On July 10, 2023 Time Electronics sold mobile chargers to retailers on account and recorded sales revenue of Tk. 7,00,000 (cost Tk. 5,60,000). Time Electronics grants the right to return mobile chargers that do not sell in 3 month following delivery. Past experience indicates that the normal return rate is 15%. By October 5, 2023 retailers returned mobile chargers to Time Electronics and were granted credit of Tk. 78,000. Prepare Time Electronics journal entries to record—(a) The sale on July 10, 2023, (b) Tk. 78,000 of returns on October 5, 2023 and (c) October 31, 2023 adjusting entry. Assume that Time Electronics prepares financial statement on October 31. [জা.বি. ২০২২]
6. সাধারণ ধারে বিক্রয় থেকে কিস্তি বিক্রয় কিভাবে ভিন্ন হয়ে থাকে? [জা.বি. ২০১২]
7. MAQ construction company began work on a Tk. 70,00,000 contract in 2014 to construct an office building. During 2014, MAQ incurred cost of Tk. 17,15,000, billed their customer for Tk. 12,00,000 and collected Tk. 9,60,000. At December 31, 2014, the estimated future cost to complete the project total Tk. 31,85,000. Indicate how these accounts (related to this contract) would be reported in MAQ's December 31, 2014, balance sheet. [জা.বি. ২০১৪]
8. ফ্র্যাঞ্চাইজ এর জন্য আয় শনাক্তকরণ প্রক্রিয়া আলোচনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
9. ট্রেড লোডিং এবং চ্যানেল স্টাফিং কী? [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০২০]
10. আয় চিহ্নিতকরণের সাধারণ দিকনির্দেশনা আলোচনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০২২]

৪র্থ অধ্যায়: ইজারা হিসাববিজ্ঞান

1. Jenifer Brent Corporation owns equipment that cost Tk. 72,000 and has a useful life of 8 years with no salvage value. On January 1, 2016 Jenifer Brent leases the equipment to Donna Havaci Ltd. for one year with one rental payment of Tk. 15,000 on January 1. Prepare Jenifer Brent Corporation's 2016 Journal entries. [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
2. লিজের সংজ্ঞা দাও। অথবা, ইজারা কাকে বলে?
3. S.P Ltd. / Syham Ltd. / G.P. Ltd. recorded a capital lease at Tk. 2,00,000 on January 1, 2024. The interest rate is 12%. G.P. Ltd. made the first lease payment of Tk. 35,947 on January 1, 2024. The lease requires eight annual payments. The equipment has a useful life of 8 years with no salvage value. Prepare G.P. Ltd.'s December 31, 2024 adjusting entries. [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০১৮, ২০২৪]
4. ইজারা এবং ক্রয়ের মধ্যে পার্থক্য লিখ। অথবা, ইজারা এবং ক্রয়ের মধ্যে তুলনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
5. Ali Baba Ltd. / Jamuna Ltd. enters into a 6 years lease of equipment on January 1, 2018 which requires 6 annual payments of Tk. 30,000 each, beginning January 1, 2018. In addition Jamuna Ltd. guarantees the lessor a residual value of Tk. 20,000 at lease end. The equipment has a useful life of 6 years. Prepare Jamuna Ltd. January 1, 2018 Journal assuming 10% interest rate. [জা.বি. ২০১৬] [জা.বি. (ডিগ্রি) ২০১৮]
6. ইজারার অর্থনৈতিক সুবিধা আলোচনা কর। অথবা, লিজের অর্থনৈতিক সুবিধা বর্ণনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৮]
7. ইজারা অর্থসংস্থানের অসুবিধাগুলি আলোচনা কর। অথবা, ইজারা অর্থসংস্থানের সমস্যাসমূহ উল্লেখ কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৩]
8. পরিচালন ইজারা এবং মূলধন ইজারার মধ্যে পার্থক্য দেখাও। অথবা, পরিচালন ইজারা এবং মূলধনী ইজারার মধ্যে বৈসাদৃশ্যতা নির্ণয় কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৩, ২০১৬, ২০১৮, ২০২১]
9. ইজারা গ্রহীতার দৃষ্টিকোণ থেকে লিজ শ্রেণিবিন্যাসের অবশ্যই পূরণীয় শর্তাবলি বর্ণনা কর। অথবা, ইজারা চুক্তির বিষয়বস্তু আলোচনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৫]
10. ইজারা গ্রহীতার বইতে মূলধনী ইজারা যথাযথভাবে হিসাবভুক্ত করার জন্য কী কী শর্ত অবশ্যই পূরণ করতে হবে? [জা.বি. ২০২২]

৫ম অধ্যায়: হিসাবের পরিবর্তন এবং ভুলের বিশ্লেষণ (আইএএস-৮)

1. Tata Ltd. purchase an equipment for Tk. 1,00,000 on January 1, 2011. It was depreciated on straight line method. It is estimated that the life of the machine was 5 years and salvage value is Tk. 10,000. On January 1, 2013 Tata Company revised the useful life of the equipment total 4 years and no salvage value. Requirement: Prepare necessary Journal entry for 2013, in the books of Tata Co. [জা.বি. ২০১৩]
2. হিসাবনীতির পরিবর্তন বলতে কি বুঝ? অথবা, হিসাববিজ্ঞানের নীতিমালার পরিবর্তন বলতে কি বুঝ? অথবা, হিসাববিজ্ঞান নীতির পরিবর্তন কাকে বলে?
3. Arosh Corporation purchased a piece of equipment for Tk. 54,000. It estimated a 6 year life and Tk. 6,000 salvage value. At the end of year three (before the depreciation adjustment), it estimated the new total life to be 10 years and new salvage value to be Tk. 2,000. Required: Compute the revised depreciation. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
4. ভুল বিশ্লেষণ বলতে কি বোঝায়? এবং ভুলের শ্রেণিবিভাগ আলোচনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
5. Assume that Sabah Enterprises has recognized bad debt expenses when the debts have actually become uncollectible as follows: From 2017 sales: 2017 Tk. 550; 2018 Tk. 690. From 2018 sales: 2018 Tk. 700. Sabah estimates that an additional Tk. 1,400 will be charged off in 2019 of which Tk. 300 is applicable to 2017 sales and Tk. 1,100 to 2018 sales. Make correction entry on December 2018, assuming: (i) The books have not been closed for 2018, (ii) The books have been closed for 2018. [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
6. হিসাববিজ্ঞান পরিবর্তনের কারণ বা উদ্দেশ্য বর্ণনা কর। অথবা, হিসাববিজ্ঞান পদ্ধতির পরিবর্তনের অর্থনৈতিক উদ্দেশ্য আলোচনা কর।
7. Siddica Enterprises purchased a machine for Tk. 80,000 on January 1, 2021. Estimated life of the machine is 5 years. The accountant incorrectly expensed this machine in 2021. The error was discovered in 2022. The company desires to use straight line depreciation on this asset. Make entry on Dec. 31, 2022 to correct for this error, assuming- (i) The books have not been closed, (ii) The books have been closed. [জা.বি. ২০২২]
8. হিসাববিজ্ঞানের নীতির পরিবর্তন আর্থিক প্রতিবেদনে উপস্থাপন করার তিনটি পদ্ধতি সংক্ষেপে আলোচনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০২০]
9. স্বয়ংশোধক ভুল ও অস্বয়ংশোধক ভুলের মধ্যে পার্থক্য দেখাও। [জা.বি. ২০২১]
10. হিসাববিজ্ঞানের অনুমান পরিবর্তনগুলো কি কি? উদাহরণসহ আলোচনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০২১]
11. বিভাগীয় হিসাব কী? বিভাগীয় হিসাবের গুরুত্ব ও উদ্দেশ্য আলোচনা কর।
12. পাল্টা উদ্বৃত্তকরণ ভুল কী? উদাহরণসহ ব্যাখ্যা কর।
13. পূর্ববর্তী সময়ে ইস্যুকৃত আর্থিক বিবরণীতে সংঘটিত ভুলের প্রভাব কীভাবে সংশোধন করে তা উদাহরণসহ বর্ণনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০২০]

৬ষ্ঠ অধ্যায়: অপারেটিং সেগমেন্ট এর হিসাব (আইএফআরএস-৮)

1. The following data are related to Jamuna Ltd. / Rupsha Ltd. in 2014:

   | Account Titles | Taka |
   | :— | :—: |
   | Average operating assets | Tk. 16,00,000 |
   | Sales during the year | Tk. 20,00,000 |
   | Net operating income | Tk. 1,20,000 |

   Required: Compute margin, turnover of assets, and return on investment (ROI). [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৪, ২০১৬]

2. (ক) ব্যয় কেন্দ্র ও আয় কেন্দ্রের সংজ্ঞা দাও। অথবা, ব্যয় কেন্দ্র ও মুনাফা কেন্দ্র বলতে কি বুঝ? (খ) মুনাফা কেন্দ্র ও বিনিয়োগ কেন্দ্রের মধ্যে পার্থক্য দেখাও।
3. You are given the following data:

   | Account Titles | Amount |
   | :— | :—: |
   | Sales | Tk. 1,40,000 |
   | Invested capital (Operating assets) | Tk. 70,000 |
   | Return on investment (ROI) | 14% |

   Compute the followings:
   (a) Turnover of capital
   (b) Net operating income
   (c) Return on sales (Margin) [জা.বি. ২০১৩]

4. ব্যয় কেন্দ্র ও মুনাফা কেন্দ্রের মধ্যে পার্থক্য দেখাও। অথবা, ব্যয় কেন্দ্র ও মুনাফা/আয় কেন্দ্রের মধ্যে তুলনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৮]
5. You are given the following data:

   | Account Titles | Amount |
   | :— | :—: |
   | Sales | Tk. 2,10,000 |
   | Invested capital | Tk. 70,000 |
   | Net income | Tk. 10,500 |

   Compute the following:
   (a) Turnover of capital / turnover
   (b) Return on sales / margin
   (c) Return on investment (ROI) [জা.বি. ২০১৫]

6. একত্রীকরণ কী? একত্রীকরণের বৈশিষ্ট্য লিখ।
7. (ক) বিকেন্দ্রীকরণের সুবিধাগুলো আলোচনা কর। (খ) বিকেন্দ্রীকরণের অসুবিধা বা সীমাবদ্ধতা আলোচনা কর।

৭ম অধ্যায়: দেউলিয়া সম্পর্কিত হিসাববিজ্ঞান

1. Mr. Mijan of Dhaka declared insolvent. He has following liabilities:
   – Income tax due to govt. Tk. 6,000;
   – Wages due to five employees Tk. 15,000;
   – Tax due to local authority Tk. 2,650;
   – Sundry creditors Tk. 20,000;
   – Rent due Tk. 5,600;
   – Bills payable Tk. 25,000;
   – Trade licence Tk. 5,000.

   Required: Compute preferential creditors. [জা.বি. ২০১৮]

2. (ক) দেউলিয়ার সংজ্ঞা দাও। অথবা, দেউলিয়া বলতে কি বুঝ? (খ) কখন একজন ব্যক্তিকে দেউলিয়া ঘোষণা করা হয়? অথবা, কীভাবে একজন ব্যক্তিকে দেউলিয়া ঘোষণা করা যায়? [জা.বি. ২০১৬]
3. Determine the value of securities fully and partly secured creditors from the following information:
   – Creditors secured by lien on stock Tk. 20,00,000.
   – Mortgage on building Tk. 15,00,000.
   – Creditors secured by lien on shares Tk. 70,00,000.
   – Building (realised as book value and selling expenses Tk. 1,00,000) Tk. 20,00,000.
   – Shares in UCL 32,000 shares of Tk. 100 each Tk. 32,00,000 (Sales at Tk. 80 per share and brokerage Tk. 1 per share).
   – Stock (realised same as book value) Tk. 30,00,000. [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০১৭]
4. দেউলিয়া বিষয়ক আইনে "স্ত্রীর নিকট হতে ঋণ গ্রহণ"-ব্যাখ্যা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৪]
5. Mr. Shown is insolvent. He supplies to you the following information as on 31 March, 2019:
   – Accounts receivable Tk. 25,00,000;
   – Accounts payable Tk. 20,00,000;
   – Notes receivable Tk. 2,00,000;
   – Machinery Tk. 10,00,000;
   – Inventory Tk. 20,00,000;
   – Investment Tk. 5,00,000;
   – Furniture Tk. 1,00,000;
   – Factory building Tk. 1,00,00,000;
   – Cash Tk. 50,000;
   – Life policy (Surrender value Tk. 75,000) Tk. 1,00,000;
   – Other property Tk. 2,00,00,000;
   – 10% loan secured by inventory Tk. 10,00,000;
   – All assets (except cash) are realized to 80% of book value.

   Required: Calculate the total receiver's fees. [জা.বি. ২০২১]

6. ১৯৯৭ সালের দেউলিয়া আইন অনুসারে দেউলিয়া ঘোষণার ফলাফল বর্ণনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০১৮]
7. Miss Rebeka / Miss Roktee was declared bankrupt on 31-12-2012. She supplies you the following data:
   – Cash Tk. 1,000;
   – Stock (Tk. 25,000) Tk. 30,000;
   – Furniture (Tk. 20,000) Tk. 30,000;
   – Debtors (all goods) Tk. 20,000;
   – Drawings Tk. 90,000;
   – Unsecured creditors Tk. 60,000;
   – Creditors lien on stock Tk. 20,000;
   – Preferential creditors Tk. 10,000;
   – Capital Tk. 1,00,000;
   – Trading profit (2010) Tk. 10,000 and Trading loss (2011 & 2012) Tk. 29,000.

   Required: Prepare a Statement of Affairs. [জা.বি. ২০১২] [জা.বি. (ডিগ্রি) ২০১৬]

8. ১৯৯৭ সালের দেউলিয়া আইনের ৬৬ ধারা অনুযায়ী রিসিভারের ফি কিভাবে নির্ধারিত হয়। [জা.বি. ২০১৬]
9. দেউলিয়া আইন অনুযায়ী অব্যাহতিপ্রাপ্ত সম্পত্তি কী কী? অথবা, দেউলিয়া বিষয়ক আইন-১৯৯৭ অনুযায়ী অব্যাহতিপ্রাপ্ত সম্পত্তির বর্ণনা দাও। [জা.বি. ২০১৭, ২০২০]
10. A merchant became insolvent on January-1, 2016 on which date his total assets were Tk. 75,000 and liabilities Tk. 65,000 and he estimated a deficiency of Tk. 20,000; before taking the following items into consideration which were not passed through his account books:
    (a) Interest on his capital are 6% for one year.
    (b) A contingent liability for Tk. 3,000 on bills discounted by him for Tk. 8,000.
    (c) Amount due as wages Tk. 300 as salaries Tk. 600 as rent Tk. 500 and as tax Tk. 1,000.
    (d) A loan of Tk. 5,000 taken from a friend for the marriage of his daughter and Tk. 2,000 from his wife.

    Required: Prepare a statement of affairs and deficiency account. [জা.বি. (ডিগ্রি) ২০১৭]

গ-বিভাগ: রচনামূলক প্রশ্ন

১ম অধ্যায়: শেয়ারহোল্ডারদের ইকুইটির হিসাবরক্ষণ

1. (ক) কোম্পানি কাকে বলে? (খ) কি কি কারণে একটি কোম্পানি নিজের স্টক পুনঃক্রয় করতে পারে? [জা.বি. ২০১৪]
2. লভ্যাংশের শ্রেণিবিভাগ আলোচনা কর। অথবা, লভ্যাংশ কত প্রকার ও কি কি? [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০২২]
3. The stockholders equity accounts of Sihab Corporation on January 1, 2017 were as follows :
   Common stock (Tk. 20 par value, 60,000 shares issued): Tk. 12,00,000
   Paid up capital in excess of par value: Tk. 2,00,000
   Retained earnings: Tk. 6,00,000

   During the year, the following transactions occurred :
   February 1: Declared a Tk. 1 cash dividend per share to stockholders of record on February 15, payable March 1.
   March 1: Paid dividend declared in February.
   April 1: Announced a 2 for 1 stock split. Prior to the split, the market price per share was Tk. 36.
   July 1: Declared a 10% stock dividend to stockholders of record on July 15, distributable July, 31. On 31 issued the share for the stock dividend. Market value is assumed Tk. 22.
   December 31: Declared a Tk. 0.50 per share dividend to stockholders of record on December 15, payable January 5, 2018.
   December 31: Determined that net income for the year was Tk. 3,50,000.
   Required :
   (a) Journalize the transactions and the closing entry for net income.
   (b) Prepare stockholders equity section at December 31. [জা.বি. ২০১৮]

4. At 1st January 2022 Saad Ltd. has 20,000 outstanding common stock stated value Tk. 15 per share and retained earnings Tk. 1,30,000. During 2022 Saad Ltd. took part in the following transactions relating stockholders equity :
   May 15: Declared a 5% stock dividend on outstanding common stock when the stock is selling for Tk. 50 per share.
   June 1: Issued the stock dividend.
   June 10: Announced a 3- for 1 stock split.
   Nov. 15: Purchased 5,000 treasury shares for Tk. 28 per share.
   Required : Prepare stockholders' equity section. [জা.বি. ২০২২]
5. The stockholders equity accounts of Shyamol Corporation on January 1, 2016 were as follows :
   Account Titles:
   Preferred stock (8% Tk. 50 par, cumulative 10,000 shares authorised): Tk. 4,00,000
   Common stock (Tk. 1 stated value, 2,00,000 shares authorised): Tk. 10,00,000
   Paid in capital in excess of par value-Preferred stock: Tk. 1,00,000
   Paid in capital in excess of stated value-common stock: Tk. 14,50,000
   Retained earnings: Tk. 18,16,000
   Treasury stock-common (10,000 shares): Tk. 50,000

   During 2016, the corporation had the following transactions and events pertaining to its stockholders equity :
   Feb. 1: Issued 25,000 shares of common stock for Tk. 1,20,000.
   Apr. 14: Sold 6,000 shares of treasury stock-common for Tk. 33,000.
   Sep. 3: Issued 5,000 shares of common stock for a patent valued at Tk. 35,000.
   Nov. 10: Purchased 1,000 shares of common stock for the treasury at a cost of Tk. 6,00,0.
   Dec. 31: Determined that net income for the year was Tk. 4,52,000.
   No dividends were declared during the year.
   Required :
   (a) Journal entries for the transactions and closing entry for net income.
   (b) Prepare a stockholders' equity section at December 31, 2016, including the disclosure of the preferred dividends in arrears. [জা.বি. ২০১৭]

6. Aman Ltd. reported the following amounts in the stock holder equity section of its December 31, 2022, balance sheet :
   Details:
   Common stock, Tk. 5 per (1,00,000 shares authorized, 20,000 shares issued): Tk. 1,00,000
   Additional paid in capital: Tk. 1,25,000
   Retained earnings: Tk. 4,50,000
   Total: Tk. 6,75,000

   During 2023, Aman Ltd. took part in the following transactions concerning stock holders equity :
   (i) Purchased 1,700 shares of its outstanding common stock for Tk. 40 per share. Aman Ltd. uses cost method.
   (ii) Reissued 700 treasury shares at Tk. 30 per share.
   (iii) Declared a 10% stock dividend on the outstanding common stock when the stock is selling for Tk. 45 per share.
   (iv) Issued the stock dividend.
   (v) Declared the annual 2023, Tk. 2 per share dividend on common stock. These dividends are payable in 2024.
   Required :
   (a) Prepare journal entries to record the transactions described above.
   (b) Prepare the December 31, 2023, stockholders equity section. Assume 2023, net income was Tk. 3,30,000. [জা.বি. ২০২৪]

7. At January 1, 2020 Shaka Ltd. has 8,000 outstanding common stock par values Tk. 10 per share. During 2020, the Co. took part in the following transactions concerning stockholders equity :
   May 15: Declared a 10% stock dividend on the outstanding common stock when the stock is selling for Tk. 40 per share.
   June 01: Issued the stock dividend.
   June 10: Announce a 2 for 1 stock split.
   July 15: Declared the annual 2020 Tk. 3 per share cash dividend on common stock.
   Sept 30: Purchased 1,000 treasury shares for Tk. 30 per share. The Co. uses cost method.
   Nov 10: Resold 300 treasury shares for Tk. 40 per share.
   Dec 31: Determine net income during the year Tk. 1,20,000.
   Required : Make journal entries to record the transactions describe above and prepare stockholders equity section. [জা.বি. ২০২০]
8. Bithe Corporation's Charter authorized issuance of 1,00,000 shares of Tk. 10 par value common share and 50,000 share of Tk. 50 preference share. The following transactions involving the issuance of shares were completed. Each transaction is independent of the others :
   (1) Issued a Tk. 10,000, 9% bond payable at par and gave as a bonus one share of preference share which at that time was selling for Tk. 106 a share.
   (2) Issued 500 shares of common share for equipment. The equipment had been appraised at Tk. 7,100; The seller's book value was Tk. 6,200. The most recent market price of the common share is Tk. 16 a share.
   (3) Issued 375 shares of common and 100 shares of preference for a lump sum amounting to Tk. 10,800. The common had been selling at Tk. 14 and the preference at Tk. 65.
   (4) Issued 200 shares of common and 50 shares of preference for equipment. The common had a fair value of Tk. 16 per share; The equipment has a fair value of Tk. 6,500.
   Instructions: Record the transactions listed above in journal entry. [জা.বি. ২০১৯]

২য় অধ্যায়: কোম্পানির আর্থিক বিবরণীসমূহ

1. (ক) আর্থিক বিবরণী কি? (খ) আর্থিক বিবরণীর বৈশিষ্ট্য আলোচনা কর।
2. আর্থিক বিবরণীর সীমাবদ্ধতা আলোচনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০২০]
3. IAS-1 অনুসারে আর্থিক বিবরণীর উপাদানগুলো কী কী? অথবা, আর্থিক বিবরণীর উপাদানগুলো বর্ণনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৬, ২০১৭, ২০১৯, ২০২১]
4. কোম্পানির আর্থিক বিবরণীতে আয়কর ও আয়কর প্রতিদান কীভাবে দেখানো হয়? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
5. Shown below are the balance sheet of Rupa corporation for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2022:
   Assets:
   • Cash: 2021 = 5,000; 2022 = 12,500
   • Accounts receivable: 2021 = 2,500; 2022 = 5,000
   • Inventory: 2021 = 30,000; 2022 = 37,500
   • Long-term investment: 2021 = 8,000; 2022 = Nil
   • Equipment: 2021 = 40,000; 2022 = 50,000
   • Accumulated depreciation: 2021 = (12,500); 2022 = (15,000)
   Total Assets: 2021 = 73,000; 2022 = 90,000

   Liabilities and stockholders' equity:
   • Accounts payable: 2021 = 2,500; 2022 = 9,000
   • Wages payable: 2021 = 5,500; 2022 = 5,000
   • Bonds payable: 2021 = 50,000; 2022 = 40,000
   • Common stock: 2021 = 10,000; 2022 = 10,000
   • Retained earnings: 2021 = 5,000; 2022 = 26,000
   Total Liabilities & Equity: 2021 = 73,000; 2022 = 90,000

   Others information:
   (1) Net income for 2022 was Tk. 36,000.
   (2) A fully depreciated equipment that had originally cost Tk. 5,000 was sold for Tk. 1,200.
   (3) The long-term investment were sold for Tk. 6,500.
   (4) Additional equipment purchased during the year Tk. 15,000.
   Required: Prepare a statement of cash flows for the year ended 31st December, 2022 using indirect method. [জা.বি. ২০২২]

6. Saiful Inc had the following condensed balance sheet at the end of operations for 2022:
   Balance Sheet (December 31, 2022):
   • Cash: 8,500 | Current liabilities: 15,000
   • Current assets other than cash: 29,000 | Long term notes payable: 25,500
   • Investments: 20,000 | Bonds payable: 25,000
   • Plant assets (net): 67,500 | Common stock: 75,000
   • Land: 40,000 | Retained earnings: 24,500
   Total: Tk. 1,65,000 | Total: Tk. 1,65,000

   During 2023, the following transactions had been occurred :
   (i) A tract of land was purchased for Tk. 11,000.
   (ii) Bonds payable in the amount of Tk. 20,000 were retired at par.
   (iii) An additional Tk. 10,000 in common stock was issued at par.
   (iv) Dividends totaling Tk. 9,375 were paid to stockholders.
   (v) Net income was Tk. 30,250 after deducting depreciation of Tk. 13,500.
   (vi) Land was purchased through the issuance of Tk. 22,500 in bonds.
   (vii) Saiful Inc. sold part of its investment portfolio for Tk. 12,875. This transaction resulted in a gain of Tk. 2,000 for the company. The company classifies the investments as available-for-sale.
   (viii) Both current assets (other than cash) and current liabilities remained at the same amount.
   Required : Prepare a statement of cash flows for 2023 using the indirect method. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]

7. (ক) নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণীর উদ্দেশ্যসমূহ বর্ণনা কর। (খ) নগদান বই এবং নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণীর পার্থক্য লেখ। [জা.বি. ২০২৪]
8. Rupali Ltd.
   Comparative Balance sheet
   As at 31 December

   Assets:
   • Cash: 2014 = 45,000; 2015 = 38,000
   • Accounts receivable: 2014 = 52,000; 2015 = 49,500
   • Inventory: 2014 = 1,42,000; 2015 = 1,53,450
   • Prepaid expenses: 2014 = 21,000; 2015 = 15,780
   • Land: 2014 = 1,30,000; 2015 = 1,00,000
   • Equipment: 2014 = 1,55,000; 2015 = 2,28,000
   • Accumulated depreciation (Equipment): 2014 = (35,000); 2015 = (45,000)
   • Building: 2014 = 2,00,000; 2015 = 2,00,000
   • Accumulated depreciation (Building): 2014 = (40,000); 2015 = (60,000)
   Total Assets: 2014 = 6,70,000; 2015 = 6,79,730

   Liabilities and stockholders' equity:
   • Accounts payable: 2014 = 40,000; 2015 = 35,730
   • Bonds payable: 2014 = 3,00,000; 2015 = 2,50,000
   • Common stock (Tk. 1.00 per share): 2014 = 1,50,000; 2015 = 2,00,000
   • Retained earnings: 2014 = 80,000; 2015 = 1,94,000
   Total Liabilities & Equity: 2014 = 6,70,000; 2015 = 6,79,730

   Additional information:
   (i) Operating expenses include depreciation expenses of Tk. 42,000.
   (ii) Land was sold for cash at book value.
   (iii) Cash dividends of Tk. 24,000 was paid.
   (iv) Net income for 2015 was Tk. 38,000.
   (v) Equipment was purchased for Tk. 95,000 cash. In addition equipment costing Tk. 22,000 with a book value of Tk. 10,000 was sold for Tk. 8,100 cash.
   (vi) Bonds were converted at face value by issuing 50,000 shares of Tk. 1 par value common stock.
   (vii) Net sales for 2015 totaled Tk. 4,20,000.
   Instructions : Prepare a statement of cash flows for the year ended 31 December 2015, using the indirect method. [জা.বি. ২০১৫] [জা.বি. (ডিগ্রি) ২০১৭]

9. The following balance sheets were drawn from the records of Keya Ltd :
   Comparative Balance Sheet (2017):
   Assets (Jan 1 / Dec 31):
   • Cash: 70,000 ÷ 35,000 | Marketable security: 10,000 ÷ 15,000
   • Account receivable: 40,000 ÷ 50,000 | Notes receivable: 25,000 ÷ 5,000
   • Inventories: 40,000 ÷ 48,000 | Prepaid insurance: 12,000 ÷ 9,000
   • Machinery: 2,00,000 ÷ 4,50,000 | Accumulated depreciation-Machinery: (40,000) / (55,000)
   • Land: 90,000 / Nil
   Total Assets: 4,47,000 ÷ 5,57,000

   Liabilities & Equity (Jan 1 / Dec 31):
   • Accounts payable: 16,000 ÷ 56,600 | Salaries payable: 20,000 ÷ 45,000
   • Wages payable: Nil / 10,000 | Taxes payable: 40,600 ÷ 45,000
   • Notes payable: 10,000 / Nil | Equity capital: 1,10,000 ÷ 2,05,000
   • Bond: 1,00,000 ÷ 75,000 | Retained earnings: 1,50,400 ÷ 1,20,400
   Total: 4,47,000 ÷ 5,57,000

   Keya Ltd. Income statement for 2017:
   Sales Tk. 8,00,000; Cost of goods sold Tk. (5,50,000); Gross profit Tk. 2,50,000;
   Operating expense (including depreciation) Tk. (2,00,000); Operating income Tk. 50,000;
   Gain on sales of machinery Tk. 2,000; Net income before tax Tk. 52,000;
   Income tax expense Tk. (20,000); Net income Tk. 32,000.

   Additional information :
   1. Dividends paid Tk. 62,000.
   2. Machinery that had a cost of Tk. 20,000 with accumulated depreciation of Tk. 15,000 was sold during 2017.
   3. Bond of Tk. 40,000 converted into equity share capital.
   Instructions : Prepare a statement of cash flow using the direct method. [জা.বি. ২০২১]

10. Presented below is the trial balance as of December 31, 2014 :
    X Ltd. Trial balance
    • Cash: Dr. 50,000 | Accounts receivable: Dr. 60,000
    • Allowances for doubtful debts: Cr. 2,000 | Merchandise inventory: Dr. 30,000
    • Office equipment: Dr. 50,000 | Accumulated depreciation-office equipment: Cr. 4,000
    • Accounts payable: Cr. 15,000 | Notes payable: Cr. 10,000
    • Common stock: Cr. 1,00,000 | Retained earnings: Cr. 47,000
    • Dividends: Dr. 12,000 | Sales revenue: Cr. 1,25,000
    • Cost of goods sold: Dr. 75,000 | Salaries expense: Dr. 10,000
    • Rent expense: Dr. 16,000
    Total: Dr. 3,03,000 | Cr. 3,03,000

    Other data :
    (i) An inventory account on December 31 shows Tk. 29,000 of inventory actually on hand.
    (ii) Notes payable Tk. 10,000 is a note for one year at an annual interest rate of 12% dated December 30, 2014.
    (iii) Two months salaries were unpaid at December 31, 2014.
    (iv) Rent expense include unexpired rent of Tk. 4,000 at December 31, 2014.
    (v) Depreciation is Tk. 5,000 on the office equipment.
    (vi) Make a provision for income-tax @ 40% on net income before tax.
    Required :
    (a) Prepare an income statement.
    (b) Prepare a statement of retained earnings.
    (c) Prepare a classified balance sheet. [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০২০]

11. Presented below is the Trial balance as of December 31, 2022.
    B Ltd. Trial Balance :
    • Cash: 33,000 | Accounts receivable: 50,000 | Discount on debenture: 5,000
    • Merchandise inventory: 20,000 | Store equipment: 80,000
    • Accumulated depreciation store equipment: 12,000 (Cr)
    • Accounts payable: 22,000 (Cr) | Common stock: 90,000 (Cr)
    • 8% Debenture: 40,000 (Cr) | Goods sent on consignments: 10,000
    • Sales revenue: 1,50,000 (Cr) | Purchase: 80,000
    • Salaries expense: 32,000 | Utilities expense: 8,000 | General expense: 4,000 (Cr? General reserve)
    Total: Dr. 3,18,000 | Cr. 3,18,000

    Others data :
    (i) An inventory account on December 31 shows Tk. 20,000 (Goods sold but not delivered Tk. 3,000 included in closing stock).
    (ii) Discount on debenture write off 10%.
    (iii) Three months interest due on debenture, salaries accrued but not paid Tk. 3,000.
    (iv) General reserve increased by Tk. 6,000.
    (v) Charge 10% depreciation on the store equipment.
    You have to prepare (1) Income statement, (2) Retained earnings statement and (3) Balance sheet. [জা.বি. ২০২২]

12. The following trial balance of Manha Ltd. as on 31 st December 2023 :
    • Issued capital (4,000 shares of Tk. 10 each): Cr. 40,000
    • Inventories: Dr. 3,000 | Purchase and sales: Dr. 1,70,000; Cr. 2,80,000
    • Rent expense: Dr. 4,200 | Salaries expense: Dr. 14,000
    • Investment: Dr. 20,000 | Investment income (after deduction 20% tax): Cr. 6,200
    • Accounts receivable and accounts payable: Dr. 1,80,000; Cr. 30,000
    • Cash: Dr. 15,000 | Tax provision: Cr. 20,000
    • Notes receivables: Dr. 50,000 | Retained earnings (01-01-2023): Cr. 1,70,000
    • General reserve: Cr. 30,000 | Plant: Dr. 1,55,000
    • Dividend equalization fund: Cr. 35,000
    Total: Dr. 6,11,200 | Cr. 6,11,200

    Other data :
    (a) Inventories as on December 31, 2023 was Tk. 34,000.
    (b) Taxation provision is to be increased to Tk. 25,000.
    (c) Notes receivable includes a note receivable of Tk. 1,500 for which the party is unable to make payment. It is expected that 50% of the value of the note is irrecoverable.
    (d) General reserve is to be raised to Tk. 39,000.
    (e) Dividend proposed @ 15%.
    (f) Transfer Tk. 12,000 to dividend equalization fund.
    Required :
    (i) Statement of comprehensive income;
    (ii) Statement of changes in equity;
    (iii) Statement of financial position as at 31-12-2023. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]

13. Presented below the Y Ltd. information :
    Y Ltd. Trial Balance as at December 31, 2017 :
    • Cash: 50,000 | 10% Mortgage payable: 20,000 (Cr)
    • Accounts receivable: 45,000 | Inventory: 30,000
    • Office equipment: 90,000 | Accumulated depreciation (Equipment): 6,000 (Cr)
    • Accounts payable: 25,000 (Cr) | Common stock: 1,00,000 (Cr)
    • Retained earnings: 50,000 (Cr) | Dividend: 25,000
    • Sales revenue: 1,30,000 (Cr) | Cost of goods sold: 70,000
    • Salaries expense: 10,000 | Rent expense: 11,000
    Total: Dr. 3,31,000 | Cr. 3,31,000

    Adjustments :
    1. An inventory account shows Tk. 29,000 of inventory actually on hand.
    2. Two months salaries were unpaid.
    3. Charged 5% depreciation on office equipment.
    4. Make provision for income tax @ 30% on net income before tax.
    Required :
    (a) Prepare income statement.
    (b) Prepare classified balance sheet at 31-12-2017. [জা.বি. ২০১৮]

14. The following trial balance of Rafi Ltd. on 31-12-2023 :
    • Capital: 3,000 shares of Tk. 10 each: Cr. 30,000
    • Inventory (1-1-2023): Dr. 10,000
    • General expenses: Dr. 4,000 | Wages: Dr. 6,000
    • Purchase and sales: Dr. 25,000; Cr. 70,000
    • Prepaid insurance: Dr. 15,000 | General reserve: Cr. 8,000
    • Building: Dr. 50,000 | Accounts receivable and payable: Dr. 15,000; Cr. 5,000
    • Carriage outward: Dr. 2,000 | Cash in hand: Dr. 17,000
    • Salary (80%): Dr. 8,000 | 5% loan (31-12-2023): Cr. 24,000
    • Retained earnings: Cr. 20,000 | Sales discount: Dr. 5,000
    Total: Dr. 1,57,000 | Cr. 1,57,000

    Adjustments :
    (a) Ending inventory valued Tk. 16,000.
    (b) Create a reserve for bad debt at 5% on accounts receivable.
    (c) Directors declared dividend at 10%.
    (d) Prepaid insurance was paid for period from 1 April 2023 to 31 March 2024.
    (e) Unused supplies Tk. 2,000 are included in general expenses.
    Required :
    (i) Prepare an income statement.
    (ii) Prepare a balance sheet at 31-12-2023. [জা.বি. ২০২৪]

15. The following trial balance of Sundarban Ltd. as on 31st December 2021 :
    • Issued capital (4,000 shares of Tk. 10 each): Cr. 40,000
    • Inventories: Dr. 3,400 | Purchase and sales: Dr. 29,160; Cr. 37,310
    • Rent expenses: Dr. 2,820 | Salaries expenses: Dr. 3,100
    • 5% Investment (01.10.2021): Dr. 20,000
    • Accounts receivable and accounts payable: Dr. 24,200; Cr. 22,030
    • Cash: Dr. 21,730 | Taxation provision: Cr. 10,620
    • Calls in arrear: Dr. 500 | Retained earnings (01.01.2021): Cr. 6,050
    • Machinery: Dr. 11,100
    Total: Dr. 1,16,010 | Cr. 1,16,010

    Other data :
    (a) Ending inventories Tk. 18,000.
    (b) Dividend proposed @ 10%.
    (c) Transfer to general reserve Tk. 1,000.
    (d) Make a provision for income tax @ 22.5% on net income before tax.
    Required :
    (i) Statement of comprehensive income;
    (ii) Statement of changes in equity;
    (iii) Statement of financial position. [জা.বি. ২০২১]

16. From the following Trial Balance of Salah Ltd. Prepare Income Statement and Retained Earnings Statement for the year ended 30th June, 2018 and a Balance Sheet as on that date:
    Trial Balance (June 30, 2018) :
    • Share capital (4,000 share of Tk. 100 each, Tk. 75 called up): Cr. 3,00,000
    • Calls in arrear (200 share): Dr. 5,000 | Inventory (1-7-2017): Dr. 27,200
    • Purchases and sales: Dr. 2,91,200; Cr. 3,63,100
    • Wages and salaries: Dr. 41,000 | Sundry expenses: Dr. 18,200
    • Investment (Market price Tk. 86,000): Dr. 90,000 | General reserve: Cr. 50,000
    • 10% loan (1-9-2017 taken): Cr. 50,000 | Plant: Dr. 80,000
    • Accounts receivable and accounts payable: Dr. 1,42,000; Cr. 20,300
    • Goods sent on consignment: Dr. 7,200 | Cash at Bank: Dr. 2,00,000
    • Petty cash: Dr. 7,300 | Taxation provision: Cr. 1,00,000
    • Investment income (after deduction 20% tax): Cr. 6,200 | Rent paid: Dr. 44,000
    • Investment fluctuation fund: Cr. 3,000 | Retained earnings account: Cr. 60,500
    Total: Dr. 9,53,100 | Cr. 9,53,100

    Adjustments :
    (i) Closing inventory cost price Tk. 1,60,000 and Market price Tk. 1,50,000.
    (ii) Sales include Tk. 30,000 goods on sales or return basis for which has not yet expired (cost price Tk. 26,000).
    (iii) Create provision of 10% on accounts receivable for doubtful uncollectible debts.
    (iv) Depreciate plant @ 10% per annum.
    (v) Taxation provision is increased by Tk. 20,000.
    (vi) Transfer Tk. 10,000 to general reserve.
    (vii) All the goods on consignment have been sold for Tk. 10,000 subject to agent's commission of 6%.
    (viii) Increase the investment fluctuation fund to cover the fall in the market price.
    (ix) Wages outstanding Tk. 1,000 and contingent liabilities Tk. 10,000.
    Required : Income Statement, Retained Earnings Statement, and Balance Sheet. [জা.বি. ২০১৯]

৩য় অধ্যায়: আয় শনাক্তকরণ (আইএএস-১৮)

1. Ideal/Sajek Ltd. appropriately uses the installment sales method of accounting to recognize income in its financial statements. The following information is available for 2015 and 2016:—
   – Installment sales: 2015 = Tk. 9,00,000; 2016 = Tk. 10,00,000
   – Cost of installment sales: 2015 = Tk. 6,30,000; 2016 = Tk. 6,80,000
   – Cash collections on 2015 sales: 2015 = Tk. 3,70,000; 2016 = Tk. 3,50,000
   – Cash collections on 2016 sales: 2015 = —; 2016 = Tk. 4,75,000
   Instructions :
   (a) Compute the amount of realized gross profit recognized in each year.
   (b) Prepare all journal entries required in 2016. [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৬] [ঢা.বি. ২০১৭]
2. [২০২৪ সালের পরীক্ষায় যা এসেছিল]
   Rupa Ltd. appropriately uses the installment sales method of accounting to recognize income in its financial statements. The following information is available for 2022 and 2023 :
   – Installment sales: 2022 = Tk. 10,00,000; 2023 = Tk. 12,00,000
   – Cost of installment sales: 2022 = Tk. 7,30,000; 2023 = Tk. 8,00,000
   – Cash collections on 2022 sales: 2022 = Tk. 4,00,000; 2023 = Tk. 3,50,000
   – Cash collections on 2023 sales: 2022 = —; 2023 = Tk. 4,50,000
   Instructions :
   (a) Compute the amount of realized gross profit recognized in each year.
   (b) Prepare all journal entries required in 2023. [জা.বি. ২০২৪]
3. Epic construction Ltd./Amy Van Dyken Construction Company uses the percentage of completion method of accounting. In 2018, Van Dyken began work under contract which provided for a contract price of Tk. 22,00,000. Other details follow :
   – Costs incurred during the year: 2018 = Tk. 4,80,000; 2019 = Tk. 14,25,000
   – Estimated costs to complete (Dec 31): 2018 = Tk. 11,20,000; 2019 = —
   – Billings during the years: 2018 = Tk. 4,20,000; 2019 = Tk. 16,80,000
   – Collections during the years: 2018 = Tk. 3,50,000; 2019 = Tk. 15,00,000
   Instructions :
   (a) What portion of the total contract price would be recognized as revenue in 2018 and 2019?
   (b) Assuming the same facts of those above except that Van Dyken uses the completed contract method of accounting, what portion of the total contract price would be recognized as revenue in 2019?
   (c) Prepare a complete set of journal entries for 2018 (using percentage of completion method). [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০২১]
4. কখন নিম্নলিখিত পরিস্থিতিতে আয় স্বীকৃত হয়: (ক) পণ্য বিক্রয় হতে আয়? (খ) সেবা হতে আয়? (গ) প্রতিষ্ঠানের সম্পদ অন্যদেরকে ব্যবহারের অনুমতি প্রদান হতে আয়? (ঘ) পণ্য ছাড়া অন্য সম্পদ হস্তান্তর হতে আয়? [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
5. The following summarized information relates to the installment sales activity of Lina Stores Inc. for 2020 :
   – Installment sales during 2020: Tk. 5,00,000
   – Cost of goods sold on installment basis: Tk. 3,30,000
   – Collection from customers: Tk. 2,00,000
   – Unpaid balances on merchandise repossessed: Tk. 24,000
   – Estimated value of merchandise repossessed: Tk. 9,200
   Instructions :
   (a) Prepare Journal entries at the end of 2020 to record on the books of Lina Stores Inc. the summarized data above.
   (b) Prepare the entry to record the gross profit realized during 2020. [জা.বি. ২০২০]
6. Nehaj Stores/Sara Stores sells merchandise on open account as well as on installment terms :
   – Sales on account: 2016 = Tk. 3,85,000; 2017 = Tk. 4,26,000; 2018 = Tk. 5,25,000
   – Installment sales: 2016 = Tk. 3,20,000; 2017 = Tk. 2,75,000; 2018 = Tk. 3,80,000
   Collections on installment sales :
   – Made in 2016: 2016 = Tk. 1,00,000; 2017 = Tk. 90,000; 2018 = Tk. 40,000
   – Made in 2017: 2017 = Tk. 1,10,000; 2018 = Tk. 1,40,000
   – Made in 2018: 2018 = Tk. 1,25,000
   Cost of Sales :
   – Sold on account: 2016 = Tk. 2,70,000; 2017 = Tk. 2,77,000; 2018 = Tk. 3,41,000
   – Sold on installment: 2016 = Tk. 2,14,400; 2017 = Tk. 1,76,000; 2018 = Tk. 2,28,000
   Operating expenses :
   – Selling expenses: 2016 = Tk. 77,000; 2017 = Tk. 87,000; 2018 = Tk. 92,000
   – Administrative expenses: 2016 = Tk. 50,000; 2017 = Tk. 51,000; 2018 = Tk. 52,000
   Instructions : From the above data, which cover the 3 years since Sara Stores commenced operations, determine the net income for each year applying the installment-sales method of accounting. [জা.বি. ২০১৯, ২০২১]
7. Sarif Ltd. which sales merchandise on installment basis :
   – Sales (on installment plan): 2013 = Tk. 2,50,000; 2014 = Tk. 2,60,000; 2015 = Tk. 2,80,000
   – Cost of sales: 2013 = Tk. 1,50,000; 2014 = Tk. 1,63,800; 2015 = Tk. 1,82,000
   – Gross profit: 2013 = Tk. 1,00,000; 2014 = Tk. 96,200; 2015 = Tk. 98,000
   Collections from customers on :
   – 2013 installment sales: 2013 = Tk. 75,000; 2014 = Tk. 1,00,000; 2015 = Tk. 50,000
   – 2014 installment sales: 2014 = Tk. 1,00,000; 2015 = Tk. 1,20,000
   – 2015 installment sales: 2015 = Tk. 1,10,000
   Instructions :
   (a) Compute the realised gross profit for each of the year 2013, 2014 and 2015.
   (b) Prepare journal entries required in 2015. Applying the installment sales method of Accounting (Ignore interest charges). [জা.বি. ২০১৫]
8. On March 1, 2016, Sunflower Company entered into a contract to build an apartment building. It is estimated that the building will cost Tk. 20,00,000 and will take 2 years to complete. The contract price was Tk. 30,00,000. The information on the below pertains to the construction period :
   – Cost to date: 2016 = Tk. 15,60,000; 2017 = Tk. 21,00,000
   – Estimated cost to complete: 2016 = Tk. 3,90,000; 2017 = —
   – Progress billing to date: 2016 = Tk. 21,00,000; 2017 = Tk. 30,00,000
   – Cash collected to date: 2016 = Tk. 19,50,000; 2017 = Tk. 27,50,000
   Required :
   (a) Compute the amount of gross profit to be recognized each year assuming the percentage of completion method is used.
   (b) Prepare necessary journal entries for 2017. [জা.বি. ২০১৮]
9. On March 1, 2020 Habib construction entered into a contract to build an apartment building. It is estimated that the building will cost Tk. 20,00,000 and will take 3 years to complete. The contract price was Tk. 30,00,000. The following information's is available :
   – Costs incurred to date: 2020 = Tk. 6,00,000; 2021 = Tk. 15,60,000; 2022 = Tk. 21,00,000
   – Estimated cost to complete: 2020 = Tk. 14,00,000; 2021 = Tk. 3,90,000; 2022 = 0
   – Billings to date: 2020 = Tk. 10,50,000; 2021 = Tk. 21,00,000; 2022 = Tk. 30,00,000
   – Collections to date: 2020 = Tk. 9,00,000; 2021 = Tk. 20,00,000; 2022 = Tk. 29,00,000
   Required :
   (a) Compute the amount of gross profit to be recognized each year assuming the percentages of completion method is used.
   (b) Prepare all journal entries for 2022. [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০২২]
10. On February 1, 2014 Arman Construction Company obtained a contract to build an athletic stadium. The stadium was to built a total cost of Tk. 54,00,000 and was scheduled for completion by September 1, 2016. One clause of the contract was stated that Arman was to deduct Tk. 15,000 from the Tk. 66,00,000 billing price for each week that completion was delayed. Completion was delayed 6 weeks which resulted in a Tk. 90,000 penalty. Below are the data pertaining to the construction period :
    – Cost to date: 2014 = Tk. 17,82,000; 2015 = Tk. 38,50,000; 2016 = Tk. 55,00,000
    – Estimated cost to complete: 2014 = Tk. 36,18,000; 2015 = Tk. 16,50,000; 2016 = 0
    – Billing to date: 2014 = Tk. 12,00,000; 2015 = Tk. 31,00,000; 2016 = Tk. 65,10,000
    – Cash collection to date: 2014 = Tk. 10,00,000; 2015 = Tk. 28,00,000; 2016 = Tk. 65,10,000
    Required :
    (a) Compute the estimated gross profit recognized in the years using the percentage of completion method.
    (b) Prepare a partial balance sheet on December 31, 2015 shewing the balances in the receivable and inventory accounts. [জা.বি. ২০১৭]
11. On 01-01-2020 Milu Ltd. sells inventory with a cost of Tk. 37,000 to Alo Ltd. for Tk. 50,000. Alo Ltd. will make payments as follows :
    – 2020: Tk. 25,000
    – 2021: Tk. 20,000
    – 2022: Tk. 5,000
    Required :
    (a) Compute the amount of gross profit realized each year, assuming Milu Ltd. uses the cost recovery method.
    (b) Prepare journal entries for each year under the books of Milu Ltd. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]

৪র্থ অধ্যায়: ইজারা হিসাববিজ্ঞান

1. X Company took lease an equipment from Z Company which fair value is Tk. 1,50,000. The terms of the lease were: (i) Lease period 5 years; (ii) Life of equipment 5 years; (iii) Salvage value is Tk. 5,000 which is unguaranteed; (iv) Interest rate is 8% p.a. Required: (a) Calculate the annual lease rent (advanced basis). (b) Show the journal entries for the first year in the book of X Company. [জা.বি. ২০১৩, ২০২০] [জা.বি. (ডিগ্রি) ২০১৬]
2. General Leasing Company signs a lease agreement on January 1, 2022 to lease electronic equipment to Western Ltd. The term of the lease is 2 years and payments are required at the end of each year. The following information relates to this agreement: (i) Western Ltd. has the option to purchase the equipment for Tk. 16,000 upon termination of the lease. (ii) The equipment has a cost and fair value of Tk. 1,60,000 to General Leasing Company. The useful life is 2 years with a salvage value of Tk. 16,000. (iii) Western Ltd. is required to pay Tk. 5,000 each year to the lessor for executory costs. (iv) General Leasing Company desires to earn a return of 10% on its investment. (v) Collectability of the payments is reasonably predictable and there are no important uncertainties surrounding the costs yet to be incurred by the lessor. Required: (a) Prepare journal entries on the books of General Leasing Company for the years 2022 and 2023. (b) Assuming Western Ltd. exercises its option to purchase the equipment on December 31, 2023, prepare the journal entry to reflect the sale on General Leasing Company's book. [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০২৪]
3. Nihaj Company leases an automobile with a fair value of Tk. 10,906 from Shamrat Motors Inc. on the following terms: (i) Non-cancelable term of 50 months. (ii) Rental of Tk. 250 per month (at end of each month). (The present value at 1% per month is Tk. 9,800.) (iii) Estimated residual value after 50 months is Tk. 1,180. (The present value at 1% per month is Tk. 715.) Nihaj Company guarantees the residual value of Tk. 1,180. (iv) Estimated economic life of the automobile is 60 months. (v) Nihaj Company's incremental borrowing rate is 12% a year (1% a month). Shamrat's implicit rate is unknown. Required: (a) What is the nature of this lease to Nihaj Company? (b) What is the present value of the minimum lease payments? (c) Record the lease on Nihaj Company's books at the date of inception. (d) Record the first month's depreciation on Nihaj Company's books (assume straight line). (e) Record the first month's lease payment. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
4. Assume that on January 1, 2021 Nipu Corporation signs a 10 year non-cancelable lease agreement to lease storage building from Sanjoy Company. The following information pertains to this lease agreement: (a) The agreement requires equal rental payments of Tk. 90,000 beginning on January 1, 2021. (b) The fair value of the building on January 1, 2021 is Tk. 5,50,000. (c) The building has an estimated economic life of 12 years, with an unguaranteed residual value of Tk. 10,000. Nipu depreciates similar buildings on the straight-line method. (d) The lease is nonrenewable. At the termination of the lease the building reverts to the lessor. (e) Nipu's incremental borrowing rate is 12% per year. The lessor's implicit rate is not known by Nipu. (f) The yearly rental payment includes Tk. 3,088 of executory costs related to taxes on the property. Instructions: Prepare the journal entries on the lessee's books to reflect the signing of the lease agreement and to record the payments and expenses related to this lease for the years 2021 and 2022. Nipu's corporate year end is December 31. [জা.বি. ২০২১]
5. Carzon Corporation sells equipment that has a book value of Tk. 80,000 and fair value of Tk. 1,00,000 to Isan Corporation and then immediately leases it back under the following conditions: (i) The sale date is January 1, 2018 and the equipment has a fair value of Tk. 1,00,000 on that date and estimated useful life of 15 years. (ii) The lease term is 15 years non-cancellable and requires equal rental payments of Tk. 13,109 at the beginning of each year. (iii) Carzon Corporation has the option annually to renew the lease at the same rental payments on expiration of the original lease. (iv) Carzon Corporation has the obligation to pay all executory costs of Tk. 3,000 per month. (v) The annual rental payments provide the lessor with a 12% return on investment. The incremental borrowing rate of Carzon Corporation is 12%. (vi) Carzon depreciates similar equipment on a straight line basis. Requirement: Prepare necessary Journal entries both in the book of lessee (Carzon Corporation) and lessor (Isan Corporation) during the year 2018. [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
6. ইজারা চুক্তির বৈশিষ্ট্যগুলো আলোচনা কর। অথবা, ইজারার ধারণাগত প্রকৃতি আলোচনা কর। [২০২৪ সালে যা এসেছিল] [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০১৬, ২০১৮, ২০১৯, ২০২৪]
7. H Leasing Company agrees to lease machinery to B Corporation on January 1, 2021. The following information related to the lease agreement: (i) The term of the lease is 7 years with no renewal option and the machinery has an estimated economic life 9 years. (ii) The cost of the machinery is Tk. 4,20,000 and the fair value of the asset on January 1, 2021 is Tk. 5,60,000. (iii) At the end of the lease term the asset reverts to the lessor. At the end of the lease term the asset is expected to have a guaranteed expected residual value of Tk. 80,000. B depreciates all of its equipment on a straight line basis. (iv) The lease agreement requires equal annual rental payments beginning on January 1, 2021. (v) The collectability of the lease payments is reasonably predictable and there are no important uncertainties surrounding the amount of costs yet to be incurred by the lessor. (vi) H desires a 10% rate of return on its investments. B's incremental borrowing rate is 11% and the lessor's implicit rate is unknown. Instructions: (a) Prepare the journal entries that B Corporation would make in 2021 and 2022 related to the lease agreement. (b) Prepare the journal entries that H Leasing Company would make in 2021 and 2022. [জা.বি. ২০২২]
8. The General Leasing Company / The Roxi Company leases equipment under the following terms: A three years lease agreement is signed in which the lessor receives annual rental of Tk. 2,500 (in advance). At the end of the three years, the lessee agrees to make up any deficiency in residual value below Tk. 2,400 (guaranteed residual value to lessor), any excess over this amount accrues to the benefit of the lessee. The cash price of the equipment is Tk. 8,433. The implicit interest rate is 12% which is known to the lessee and is less than the lessee's incremental borrowing rate. The lessee estimates the residual value at the end of three years to be Tk. 2,700 and depreciates its equipment on straight line basis. (a) Give the entries on the lessee's books required in the first year of the lease. Assuming the lease begins May 1, 2016, the beginning of the lessee's fiscal year. (b) What balances related to the lease would appear on the lessee's balance sheet at the end of year 3? (c) Assuming the equipment is sold by the lessee for Tk. 2,900. Prepare the entries to record the sale and settlement with The Roxi Company. [জা.বি. ২০১৮, ২০২০]

৫ম অধ্যায়: হিসাবের পরিবর্তন এবং ভুলের বিশ্লেষণ (আইএএস-৮)

1. The first audit of the books of Liton Ltd./Apex Ltd./Square Ltd. was make for the year ended December 31, 2014. In examining the books, the auditor found that certain items had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years. These items are: (1) At the beginning of 2012, the company purchased a machine for Tk. 5,10,000 (salvage value of Tk. 51,000) that had a useful life of 5 years. The bookkeeper used straight line method but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base for the 3 years. (2) At the end of 2013 the company failed to accrue sales salaries of Tk. 45,000. (3) The company purchased a copyright from another company early in 2012 for Tk. 45,000. Apex Ltd. had not amortized the copyright because its value had not diminished. The copyright has a useful life of 20 years from purchase. (4) In 2014, the company wrote off Tk. 87,000 of inventory considered to be obsolete; this loss was charged directly to retained earnings. (5) Insurance for a 12 month period purchased on November 1, 2014 was charged to insurance expense in the amount of Tk. 3,000 because 'the amount of the check is about the same every year'. Prepare the journal entries necessary in 2014 to correct the books, assuming that the books have not been closed. Disregard effects of correction on income tax. [জা.বি. ২০১৫, ২০১৭, ২০২০]
2. Chandon Ltd./Taj Ltd. purchases a machine on 01-01-2018 for Tk. 4,40,000. At that time it was estimated that the machine would have a 10 years life and no salvage value. On 31-12-2021, it is found that the entry for depreciation expenses has been omitted in 2019. In addition, management has informed the account at the company plans to switch to straight-line method starting from 2021. At present, the company uses the sum of years digit method. Required: Give entries for omission of depreciation and changes of depreciation method. [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০২১]
3. Alfa Ltd. purchased a machine on 01-01-2020 for Tk. 14,40,000. At that time it was estimated that the machine would have a 10 year life and no salvage value. On 31-12-2023 it is found that the entry for depreciation expenses had been omitted in 2021. In addition, management has informed the accountant that the company plans to switch to straight line method starting from 2023. At present, the company uses the sum of the years digits method. Required: Pass entries for omission of depreciation and changes method. [জা.বি. ২০২৪]
4. The before tax income for MSR Co. for 2017 was Tk. 1,01,000 and Tk. 77,400 for 2018. However, the accountant noted that the following errors had been made: (1) Sales for 2017 included amounts of Tk. 38,200 which had been received in cash during 2017 but for which the related products were delivered in 2018. Title did not pass to the purchaser until 2018. (2) The inventory on December 31, 2017 was understated by Tk. 8,640. (3) The bookkeeper in recording interest expenses for both 2017 and 2018 on bonds payable made the following entry on an annual basis: Interest expense Dr. 15,000; Cash Cr. 15,000. The bonds have a face value of Tk. 2,50,000 and pay a stated interest rate of 6%. They are issued at a discount of Tk. 10,000 on January 1, 2017, to yield an effective interest rate of 7% (Assume that the effective interest method should be used). (4) Ordinary repairs to equipment had been erroneously charged to the equipment account during 2017 and 2018. Repairs in the amount of Tk. 8,000 in 2017 and Tk. 9,400 in 2018 were so charged. The company applies a rate of 10% to the balance in the equipment account at the end of the year in its determination of depreciation charges. Instructions: Prepare a schedule showing the determination of corrected income before taxes for 2017 and 2018. [জা.বি. ২০১৯]
5. A partial trial balance of Arijit Food Co. is given below: Supplies on hand Dr. 2,000; Accrued salaries Cr. 1,500; Interest receivable on investment Dr. 5,100; Prepaid insurance Dr. 80,000; Rent income Cr. 30,000; Accrued interest payable Cr. 15,000. Additional adjustments: (i) A physical count of supplies on hand on 31st December 2022 total Tk. 700. (ii) The unexpired portions of the insurance policies total Tk. 60,000 as of December 31, 2022. (iii) Tk. 30,000 was received on January 1, 2022 for the rent of a building for both 2022 and 2023. (iv) Depreciation for the year was erroneously recorded as Tk. 5,000 rather than the correct figure of Tk. 50,000. (v) A further review of depreciation calculations of prior years revealed that depreciation of Tk. 7,200 was not recorded. It was decided that this oversight should be corrected by a prior period adjustments. Required: (a) Give the adjusting entries necessary at December 31, 2022 assuming that the books have not been closed. (ignore tax) (b) Give the adjusting entries necessary at December 31, 2022 assuming that books have been closed. (ignore tax) [জা.বি. ২০২২]
6. Listed below are the various types of accounting changes and errors: (i) Change from FIFO to average cost inventory method. (ii) Change due to overstatement of inventory. (iii) Change from sum-of-the-year's digits to straight line method of depreciation. (iv) Change from presenting unconsolidated to consolidated financial statements. (v) Change from LIFO to FIFO inventory method. (vi) Change in the rate used to compute warranty costs. (vii) Change from an unacceptable accounting principle to an acceptable accounting principle. (viii) Change in patent's amortization period. (ix) Change from completed contract to percentage of completion method on construction contracts. (x) Change in plant asset's salvage value. Required: For each change or error, indicate how it would be accounted for using the following code letters: (a) Accounted for prospectively. (b) Accounted for retrospectively. (c) Neither of the above. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]
7. হিসাব পরিবর্তনের প্রভাব কত প্রকার ও কী কী? ব্যাখ্যা কর। [জা.বি. ২০২৪]

৬ষ্ঠ অধ্যায়: অপারেটিং সেগমেন্ট এর হিসাব (আইএফআরএস-৮)

1. Provide the missing data in the following table for a distributor of martial arts products:

   | Accounts title | Division Beta | Division Gama |
   | :— | :—: | :—: |
   | Sales | Tk. ? | Tk. ? |
   | Net operating income | Tk. ? | Tk. 2,10,000 |
   | Average operating assets | Tk. 80,000 | Tk. ? |
   | Margin | 4% | 7% |
   | Turnover | 5 | 2 |
   | Return on investment (ROI) | ? | ? | [জা.বি. ২০১৭, ২০২১]

2. Meiji Isetan Corp. of Japan / BSWP / Purbachal Ltd. has two regional divisions with headquarters in Dhaka and Khulna. Selected data follow:

   | Account Titles | Dhaka Division | Khulna Division |
   | :— | :—: | :—: |
   | Sales | Tk. 30,00,000 | Tk. 90,00,000 |
   | Net operating income | Tk. 2,10,000 | Tk. 7,20,000 |
   | Average operating assets | Tk. 10,00,000 | Tk. 45,00,000 |

   Required:
   (a) Compute the margin, turnover, and return on investment (ROI) for each division.
   (b) Compute the residual income for both divisions, taking a normal (minimum required) rate of return of 15%.
   (c) Give your managerial evaluation on the performance of the two divisions. [জা.বি. ২০১৮, ২০২০] [ঢা.বি. ২০১৮]

3. (ক) পরিচালন অংশ কী? পরিচালন অংশের যেসব তথ্য প্রকাশ করতে হবে সেগুলো কী কী? (খ) দুই বা ততোধিক পরিচালন অংশের তথ্য একত্রীকরণের শর্তাবলি বর্ণনা কর। [জা.বি. ২০১৪, ২০১৭, ২০২১]
4. Selected sales and operating data for three divisions of different structural engineering firms are given below:

   | Account Titles | Division-A | Division-B | Division-C |
   | :— | :—: | :—: |
   | Sales | Tk. 12,00,000 | Tk. 14,00,000 | Tk. 25,00,000 |
   | Average operating assets | Tk. 3,00,000 | Tk. 7,00,000 | Tk. 5,00,000 |
   | Net operating income | Tk. 60,000 | Tk. 56,000 | Tk. 80,000 |
   | Minimum required rate of return | 14% | 10% | 16% |

   Required:
   (1) Compute the return on investment (ROI) for each division using the formula stated in terms of margin and turnover.
   (2) Compute the residual income for each division.
   (3) Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 15% rate of return:
   (a) If performance is being measured by ROI, which division or divisions will probably accept the opportunity? Reject? Why?
   (b) If performance is being measured by residual income, which division or divisions will probably accept the opportunity? Reject? Why? [জা.বি. ২০১৯]

5. Selected sales and operating data for three divisions are given below:

   | Account titles | Division A | Division B | Division C |
   | :— | :—: | :—: |
   | Sales | Tk. 12,000 | Tk. 14,000 | Tk. 25,000 |
   | Average operating assets | Tk. 3,000 | Tk. 7,000 | Tk. 5,000 |
   | Net operating income | Tk. 600 | Tk. 560 | Tk. 800 |
   | Normal rate of return | 14% | 10% | 16% |

   Required:
   (a) Compute ROI for each division using margin and turnover.
   (b) Compute the residual income for each division.
   (c) Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 15% rate of returns. Which division or divisions will probably accept the opportunity? Why? [জা.বি. ২০১৮]

6. The service division of Keya Industries reported the following results for 2022:

   | Particulars | Taka |
   | :— | :—: |
   | Sales | Tk. 5,00,000 |
   | Variable costs | Tk. 3,00,000 |
   | Controllable fixed costs | Tk. 75,000 |
   | Average operating assets | Tk. 5,00,000 |

   Management is considering the following independent courses of action in 2023 in order to maximize the return on investment (ROI) for this division:
   (i) Reduce average operating assets by Tk. 50,000, with no change in controllable margin.
   (ii) Increase sales by Tk. 80,000, with no change in contribution margin percentage.

   Required:
   (a) Compute the controllable margin and the return on investment (ROI) for 2022.
   (b) Compute the controllable margin and the expected return on investment (ROI) for each proposed alternative. [জা.বি. ২০২২]

7. Financial data for Beximco Ltd. are given below:

   Balance Sheet:
   | Assets | Beginning Balance (Tk.) | Ending Balance (Tk.) |
   | :— | :—: | :—: |
   | Cash | 70,000 | 60,000 |
   | Accounts receivable | 2,50,000 | 3,60,000 |
   | Inventory | 1,40,000 | 1,80,000 |
   | Plant assets (net) | 3,60,000 | 3,10,000 |
   | Investment in Jamuna | 1,25,000 | 1,15,000 |
   | Land (undeveloped) | 90,000 | 90,000 |
   | Total assets | Tk. 13,50,000 | Tk. 14,50,000 |

   | Liabilities and Owner's Equity | Beginning Balance (Tk.) | Ending Balance (Tk.) |
   | :— | :—: | :—: |
   | Accounts payable | 1,50,000 | 1,75,000 |
   | Long-term liability | 4,00,000 | 4,00,000 |
   | Owner's equity | 8,00,000 | 8,75,000 |
   | Total liabilities and owner's equity | Tk. 13,50,000 | Tk. 14,50,000 |

   Income Statement:
   | Particulars | Taka |
   | :— | :—: |
   | Sales | Tk. 20,25,000 |
   | Less: Operating expense | (18,22,500) |
   | Net operating income | Tk. 2,02,500 |
   | Interest expense | (77,500) |
   | Tax expense | (55,000) |
   | Net income | Tk. 70,000 |

   *(The company paid dividends of Tk. 5,000 last year.)*

   Required:
   (a) Compute the company's margin, turnover, and return on investment (ROI) for last year.
   (b) The board of directors of the company has set a minimum required rate of return of 15%. What was the company's residual income for last year? [জা.বি. ২০১৬]

৭ম অধ্যায়: দেউলিয়া সম্পর্কিত হিসাববিজ্ঞান

1. Mr. Kabir filed his petition for insolvency on December 31, 2017. He had the following assets and liabilities:

   | Account Titles | Taka |
   | :— | :—: |
   | Creditors for goods | 74,500 |
   | Bills payable | 5,000 |
   | Creditors secured by lien on shares | 40,000 |
   | Creditors secured by lien on stock | 15,000 |
   | Liability on bills discounted (Expected to rank Tk. 3,000) | 7,000 |
   | Mortgages on mill | 10,000 |
   | Creditors for rent, rates, etc. (Tk. 3,000 preferential) | 3,500 |
   | Book debts : Good | 20,000 |
   | Doubtful and bad (Estimated to produce Tk. 2,000) | 10,000 |
   | Consignment | 5,000 |
   | Shares (Estimated to realised Tk. 16,000) | 15,000 |
   | Stock (Estimated to realise Tk. 40,000) | 60,000 |
   | Cash | 100 |
   | Bill of exchange | 1,400 |
   | Mill (Estimated to realise Tk. 11,000) | 20,000 |
   | Machinery (Estimated to realise Tk. 12,000) | 15,000 |
   | Furniture (Estimated to realise Tk. 1,500) | 3,000 |
   | Misc. assets (Estimated to realise Tk. 3,000) | 6,800 |

   On 1st January 6 years ago, he had a capital of Tk. 50,000. Profit earned during the 6 years total Tk. 45,500 and loss were incurred total Tk. 25,000 after allowing Tk. 2,500 per year as interest on capital, withdraws amount to Tk. 77,200.

   Required :
   (a) Statement of affairs and
   (b) Deficiency account. [জা.বি. ২০১৮]

2. Mrs. Sabira commenced business on January 1, 2014 with capital Tk. 50,000 at Khulna City Corporation. During the years she made profits Tk. 22,000. She made drew Tk. 10,000 per year. At December 31, 2016, she became insolvent. On that date her statement of affairs was as follows:

   | Account Titles | Taka |
   | :— | :—: |
   | Cash in hand | 5,000 |
   | Equipment (estimated to realise Tk. 20,000) | 25,000 |
   | Stock (expected to realise 70%) | 60,000 |
   | Mining share (estimated to produce Tk. 17,000) | 15,000 |
   | Plant (expected to realise Tk. 18,000) | 27,000 |
   | Bills receivable (estimated to realise Tk. 6,000) | 13,000 |
   | Debtors (estimated uncollectible 4%) | 20,000 |
   | Creditors of which Tk. 18,000 is secured by plant | 83,000 |
   | Salary due to a clerk (4 months) | 2,400 |
   | Bank loan (The loan is secured by stock to the extent of Tk. 50,000) | 30,000 |
   | Rent due to landlord | 600 |
   | Discounted bills (dishonored Tk. 4,500) | 6,000 |
   | Bills payable (secured by life policy which surrender value Tk. 17,000) | 12,000 |
   | Speculative loss | 5,000 |

   Realisation expenses Tk. 3,000. Mrs Sabira has a private building (estimated realisable value Tk. 2,00,000).

   Required:
   (a) Statement of affairs;
   (b) Deficiency account. [জা.বি. ২০১৭]

3. ঘাটতি হিসাব কী? কেন এটি প্রস্তুত করা হয়? অথবা, ঘাটতি হিসাবের সংজ্ঞা দাও। কেন এবং কিভাবে ঘাটতি হিসাব প্রস্তুত করা হয়? [জা.বি. ২০১৩, ২০১৪]
4. Mr. Sakib is declared insolvent. He supplies the following information :

   | Accounts title | Taka |
   | :— | :—: |
   | Cash | 500 |
   | Stock (estimated to realize Tk. 2,000) | 3,000 |
   | Furniture (estimated to realize Tk. 1,600) | 2,500 |
   | Bills receivable (estimated to realize Tk. 1,900) | 2,400 |
   | Debtors : Good | 5,000 |
   | Debtors : Doubtful (estimated to produce Tk. 1,000) | 2,500 |
   | Debtors : Bad | 2,100 |
   | Securities held by fully secured creditors | 8,000 |
   | Securities held by partly secured creditors | 6,000 |
   | Partly secured creditors | 8,000 |
   | Fully secured creditors | 5,000 |
   | Creditors on open account | 25,000 |
   | Preferential creditors | 1,000 |
   | Liability for bill discounted (expected to rank Tk. 1,500) | 2,000 |

   On January 1, 2021 he commenced business with a capital of Tk. 10,000. His profits for 2021 and 2022 amounted to Tk. 5,000. He suffered a loss of Tk. 4,000 in 2023. He lost Tk. 10,000 in speculation. His drawings amounted to Tk. 8,000. A liability of Tk. 500 included in the creditors on open account is not likely to arise and therefore has to be write off. His household liabilities amounting to Tk. 3,000 and non-exempted private property is Tk. 4,500.

   Required :
   (a) Statement of affairs as at December 31, 2023.
   (b) Deficiency account on the same date. [জা.বি. ২০২২]

5. দেউলিয়া বিষয়ক আইন, ১৯৯৭ এর ধারা-৯ অনুসারে দেউলিয়া কর্ম কী কী? অথবা, ১৯৯৭ সালের দেউলিয়া আইন অনুসারে ৯ ধারা অনুযায়ী দেউলিয়া কর্ম কী কী? [জা.বি. ২০১২, ২০২০, ২০২২]
6. Mr. Rahman filed his petition for insolvency on December 31, 2016. Prepare a statement of Affairs and Deficiency account from the following information given by him :
   (i) His capital, Drawings and net loss were amounting to Tk. 17,000, Tk. 15,000 and Tk. 9,800 respectively.
   (ii) Amount of accounts receivable was Tk. 10,000 of Tk. 8,000 considered good and the balance estimated to produce Tk. 1,000.
   (iii) Inventory (Book value Tk. 15,000) estimated to produce Tk. 9,000.
   (iv) Machinery Book value Tk. 16,000 (cost Tk. 18,000) estimated to produce Tk. 11,000.
   (v) Amount of bank overdraft Tk. 8,000 and mortgage loan Tk. 10,000.
   (vi) Accounts payable of merchandise supplied Tk. 40,300 and outstanding salaries 500 for employees.
   (vii) Bill receivable Tk. 10,000 (expected to realise Tk. 4,000).
   (viii) Mr. Rahman has a life assurance policy of Tk. 15,000 (whose surrender value Tk. 10,000) is held by the banker against overdraft.
   (ix) His household liabilities are amounting to Tk. 8,000 and value of house hold property other than life assurance policy is Tk. 4,000. [জা.বি. ২০১৬]
7. Mr. Rahman is adjudicated bankrupt. He supplied you the following trial balance on 31 st December, 2023 :

   | Particulars | Taka | Particulars | Taka |
   | :— | :—: | :— | :—: |
   | Cash in hand | 2,000 | Creditors for goods | 7,00,000 |
   | Cash at bank | 18,000 | Creditors (lien on 50% of book value of inventory) | 4,80,000 |
   | Inventory (Estimated to realize 125%) | 8,00,000 | Notes payable | 1,30,000 |
   | Furniture (Estimated to realize 80%) | 1,20,000 | Tax payable | 22,000 |
   | Prepaid insurance | 20,000 | Wages payable (6 workers for 10 months) | 18,000 |
   | Book debts (Good: Bad: 1:2) | 80,000 | Capital | 6,50,000 |
   | Drawings | 6,00,000 | | |
   | Loss through betting | 2,00,000 | | |
   | Trading loss | 60,000 | | |
   | Fictitious assets | 1,00,000 | | |
   | Total | 20,00,000 | Total | 20,00,000 |

   Required :
   (a) Statement of affairs;
   (b) Deficiency account. [জা.বি. ২০২৩]

8. Miss Samina filed her bankruptcy petition on 31-12-2018. Her Trial balance showed the following balances :

   | Name of Accounts | Taka | Name of Accounts | Taka |
   | :— | :—: | :—: | :—: |
   | Cash in hand | 1,250 | Trade creditors | 41,000 |
   | Stock (estimated to produce Tk. 20,000) | 30,000 | Bills payable | 30,000 |
   | Fixtures (Present value Tk. 3,000) | 4,000 | Bank overdraft | 20,000 |
   | Sundry debtors : Good | 20,000 | Capital | 34,250 |
   | Sundry debtors : Doubtful | 20,000 | | |
   | Sundry debtors : Bad | 30,000 | | |
   | Drawing | 20,000 | | |
   | Total | 1,25,250 | Total | 1,25,250 |

   Liabilities on bills discounted Tk. 7,500 of which Tk. 3,000 is bad. Her household furniture was valued Tk. 5,000. She owned a house valued at Tk. 15,000 having a mortgage on it of Tk. 10,000 at 10% interest p.a. and interest for last six months still payable. Preferential creditors of Tk. 1,000 included in Trade creditors.

   Required :
   (a) Statement of affairs;
   (b) Deficiency accounts. [জা.বি. ২০১৯]

9. [২০২৪ সালের পরীক্ষায় যা এসেছিল]
   Mr. Chowdhury / Mr. Khan is insolvent and supplies the following information as on 31 December 2023 :

   | Account titles | Taka |
   | :— | :—: |
   | Account payable of which Tk. 2,00,000 was secured against inventory | 7,25,000 |
   | Bank loan (Secured by a loan on building) | 2,25,000 |
   | Unpaid salary to employees (For one month) | 6,00,000 |
   | Income tax and property tax payable | 15,000 |
   | Cash in hand | 2,500 |
   | Furniture (Expected to realize Tk. 45,000) | 80,000 |
   | Inventory (Expected to realize 50%) | 6,00,000 |
   | Building (Expected to realize Tk. 1,50,000) | 2,00,000 |
   | Book debt (Expected to realize 50%) | 2,22,000 |
   | Notes receivable (Expected to realize 40%) | 67,000 |
   | Loan from his wife | 1,00,000 |
   | Bills discounted (40% bad) | 90,000 |

   Mr. Khan started business 5 years ago with a capital of Tk. 1,00,000. During 5 years his business earned a profit of Tk. 50,500 and he withdraw Tk. 10,000 per year personal expenses.

   Required:
   Prepare the statement of affairs and deficiency account of Mr. Khan. [জা.বি. ২০২০, ২০২৪]

বোর্ড প্রশ্ন (২০১৯–২০২৪)

২০১৯ সালের প্রশ্ন

ক-বিভাগ: অতিসংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ১ (ক)। অবলিখন চুক্তি কী?

   English: What is underwriting contract?

2. ১ (খ)। শেয়ারের উপর পূর্বস্বত্ব কী?

   English: What is lien on shares?

3. ১ (গ)। বিলম্বিত দায় কাকে বলে?

   English: What is deferred liability?

4. ১ (ঘ)। মুক্ত নগদ প্রবাহ কী?

   English: What is free cash flow?

5. ১ (ঙ)। ট্রেজারি স্টক কী?

   English: What is treasury stock?

6. ১ (চ)। অফ ব্যালেন্সশিট অর্থায়ন কী?

   English: What is off-balance sheet finance?

7. ১ (ছ)। রিসিভার কে?

   English: Who is receiver?

8. ১ (জ)। হিসাববিজ্ঞানে ইকুইটি পদ্ধতি থেকে পরিবর্তন বলতে কী বুঝ?

   English: What do you mean by change from the equity method?

9. ১ (ঝ)। অর্থনৈতিক মূল্য সংযোজন কী?

   English: What is economic value added?

10. ১ (ঞ)। প্রধান অপারেটিং সিদ্ধান্ত গ্রহণকারী বলতে কী বুঝ?

    English: What is meant by chief operating decision maker?

11. ১ (ট)। ১৯৯৭ সালের দেউলিয়া বিষয়ক আইন কোন কোন ক্ষেত্রে প্রযোজ্য?

    English: Where the bankruptcy act, 1997 is applicable?

12. ১ (ঠ)। ক্রয় প্রতিদান কী?

    English: What is purchase consideration?

খ-বিভাগ: সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ২। ঘাটতি হিসাব কী? কেন এটি প্রস্তুত করা হয়?

   English: What is deficiency account? Why it is prepared?

2. ৩। IAS-1 অনুসারে আর্থিক বিবরণীর উপাদানগুলো কী কী?

   English: What are the components of financial statement as per IAS-1?

3. ৪। ফ্রাঞ্চাইজি এর জন্য আয় শনাক্তকরণ প্রক্রিয়া আলোচনা কর।

   English: Discuss the process of revenue recognition for franchises.

4. ৫। ইজারার ধারণাগত প্রকৃতি আলোচনা কর।

   English: Discuss the conceptual nature of a lease.

5. ৬। The following data were taken from the balance sheet accounts of Saad Corporation on December 31, 2018:
   Current assets Tk. 5,00,000; Debt investment Tk. 6,24,000; Common share (Par value Tk. 10) Tk. 6,00,000; Paid-in capital in excess of par-common share Tk. 1,50,000; Retained earnings Tk. 8,00,000.
   Instructions: Prepare the required journal entries for the following unrelated items:
   (a) A 5% stock dividend is declared and distributed at a time when market price is Tk. 39 per share.
   (b) A dividend is declared January 5, 2019 and paid January 25, 2019, in bonds held as an investment. The bonds have a book value of Tk. 90,000 and a fair value of Tk. 1,25,000.

   English: The following data were taken from the balance sheet accounts of Saad Corporation on December 31, 2018…

6. ৭। On January 1, 2018, Saad Corporation signed a 5 year non-cancelable lease for a machine. The terms of the lease called for Saad to make annual payment of Tk. 9,968 at the beginning of each year, starting January 1, 2018. The machine has an estimated useful life of 6 years and a Tk. 5,000 unguaranteed residual value. The machine reverts back to the lessor at the end of the lease term. Saad uses the straight line method of depreciation for all of its plant assets. Saad's incremental borrowing rate is 10% and the lessor's implicit rate is unknown.
   Instructions:
   (a) What type of lease is this? Explain.
   (b) Prepare all necessary Journal entries for this lease through January 1, 2019.

   English: On January 1, 2018, Saad Corporation signed a 5 year non-cancelable lease…

7. ৮। Safah Corporation had the following income statement for 2018:
   Sales: Tk. 2,00,000; Cost of goods sold: Tk. (1,20,000); Gross profit: Tk. 80,000; Operating expense (including depreciation Tk. 21,000): Tk. 50,000; Net income: Tk. 30,000.
   The following accounts increased during 2018:
   Accounts receivable Tk. 17,000; Inventory Tk. 11,000; Accounts payable Tk. 13,000; Prepaid expenses Tk. 5,000; Accrued expenses Tk. 6,000.
   Instruction: Prepare the cash flow from operating activities using direct method.

   English: Safah Corporation had the following income statement for 2018…

8. ৯। Assume that Sabah Enterprises has recognized bad debt expenses when the debts have actually become uncollectible as follows:
   From 2017 sales: 2017: Tk. 550, 2018: Tk. 690.
   From 2018 sales: 2018: Tk. 700.
   Sabah estimates that an additional Tk. 1,400 will be charged off in 2019 of which Tk. 300 is applicable to 2017 sales and Tk. 1,100 to 2018 sales. Make correction entry on December 2018, assuming:
   (i) The books have not been closed for 2018
   (ii) The books have been closed for 2018

   English: Assume that Sabah Enterprises has recognized bad debt expenses…

গ-বিভাগ: রচনামূলক প্রশ্ন

1. ১০। (ক) স্টক খণ্ডন ও স্টক লভ্যাংশের মধ্যে পার্থক্য দেখাও।
   (খ) দেউলিয়া বিষয়ক আইনে "স্ত্রীর নিকট হতে ঋণ গ্রহণ"-ব্যাখ্যা কর।

   English: (a) Show the difference between stock-split and stock dividend.
   (b) Explain "Loan taken from wife" under bankruptcy act.

2. ১১। Bithe Corporation's Charter authorized issuance of 1,00,000 shares of Tk. 10 par value common share and 50,000 share of Tk. 50 preference share. The following transactions involving the issuance of shares were completed. Each transaction is independent of the others:
   (1) Issued a Tk. 10,000, 9% bond payable at par and gave as a bonus one share of preference share which at that time was selling for Tk. 106 a share.
   (2) Issued 500 shares of common share for equipment. The equipment had been appraised at Tk. 7,100; The seller's book value was Tk. 6,200. The most recent market price of the common share is Tk. 16 a share.
   (3) Issued 375 shares of common and 100 shares of preference for a lump sum amounting to Tk. 10,800. The common had been selling at Tk. 14 and the preference at Tk. 65.
   (4) Issued 200 shares of common and 50 shares of preference for equipment. The common had a fair value of Tk. 16 per share; The equipment has a fair value of Tk. 6,500.
   Instructions: Record the transactions listed above in journal entry.

   English: Bithe Corporation's Charter authorized issuance of 1,00,000 shares…

3. ১২। From the following Trial Balance of Salah Ltd. Prepare Income Statement and Retained Earnings Statement for the year ended 30th June, 2018 and a Balance Sheet as on that date:
   [Trial Balance details provided in scan]
   Adjustments:
   (i) Closing Inventory cost price Tk. 1,60,000 and Market price Tk. 1,50,000.
   (ii) Sales include Tk. 30,000 goods on sales or return basis for which approval has not yet expired (cost price Tk. 26,000).
   (iii) Create provision of 10% on accounts receivable for doubtful uncollectible debts.
   (iv) Depreciate plant @ 10% per annum.
   (v) Taxation provision is increased by Tk. 20,000.
   (vi) Transfer Tk. 10,000 to general reserve.
   (vii) All the goods on consignment have been sold for Tk. 10,000 subject to agent's commission of 6%.
   (viii) Increase the Investment Fluctuation Fund to cover the fall in market price.
   (ix) Wages outstanding Tk. 1,000 and contingent liabilities Tk. 10,000.

   English: From the following Trial Balance of Salah Ltd. Prepare Income Statement…

4. ১৩। Carzon Corporation sells equipment that has a book value of Tk. 80,000 and fair value of Tk. 1,00,000 to Isan Corporation and then immediately leases it back under the following conditions:
   (i) The sale date is January 1, 2018 and the equipment has a fair value of Tk. 1,00,000 on that date and estimated useful life of 15 years.
   (ii) The lease term is 15 years non-cancellable and requires equal rental payments of Tk. 13,109 at the beginning of each year.
   (iii) Carzon Corporation has the option annually to renew the lease at the same rental payments on expiration of the original lease.
   (iv) Carzon Corporation has the obligation to pay all executory costs of Tk. 3,000 per month.
   (v) The annual rental payments provide the lessor with a 12% return on investment.
   (vi) The incremental borrowing rate of Carzon Corporation is 12%.
   (vii) Carzon depreciates similar equipment on a straight line basis.
   Requirement: Prepare necessary Journal entries both in the book of lessee (Carzon) and lessor (Isan) during the year 2018.

   English: Carzon Corporation sells equipment that has a book value of Tk. 80,000…

5. ১৪। Sara Stores sells merchandise on open account as well as on installment terms:
   [Table of Sales, Collections, Cost of Sales, Selling & Admin expenses for 2016, 2017, and 2018 provided in scan]
   Instructions: From the above data, which cover the 3 years since Sara Stores commenced operations, determine the net income for each year applying the installment-sales method of accounting.

   English: Sara Stores sells merchandise on open account as well as on installment terms…

6. ১৫। The before tax income for MSR Co. for 2017 was Tk. 1,01,000 and Tk. 77,400 for 2018. However, the accountant noted that the following errors had been made:
   (1) Sales for 2017 included amounts of Tk. 38,200 which had been received in cash during 2017 but for which the related products were delivered in 2018. Title did not pass to the purchaser until 2018.
   (2) The inventory on December 31, 2017 was understated by Tk. 8,640.
   (3) The bookkeeper in recording interest expenses for both 2017 and 2018 on bonds payable made the following entry on an annual basis: Interest expense Dr. 15,000; Cash Cr. 15,000. The bonds have a face value of Tk. 2,50,000 and pay a stated interest rate of 6%. They are issued at a discount of Tk. 10,000 on January 1, 2017, to yield an effective interest rate of 7% (Assume effective interest method should be used).
   (4) Ordinary repairs to equipment had been erroneously charged to the equipment account during 2017 and 2018. Repairs in the amount of Tk. 8,000 in 2017 and Tk. 9,400 in 2018 were so charged. The company applies a rate of 10% to the balance in the equipment account at the end of the year in its determination of depreciation charges.
   Instructions: Prepare a schedule showing the determination of corrected income before taxes for 2017 and 2018.

   English: The before tax income for MSR Co. for 2017 was Tk. 1,01,000 and Tk. 77,400 for 2018…

7. ১৬। Miss Samina filed her bankruptcy petition on 31-12-2018. Her Trial balance showed the following balances:
   Cash in hand Tk. 1,250; Stock (estimated to produce Tk. 20,000) Tk. 30,000; Fixtures (Present value Tk. 3,000) Tk. 4,000; Sundry debtors (Good Tk. 20,000; Doubtful Tk. 20,000; Bad Tk. 30,000) Tk. 70,000; Drawings Tk. 20,000; Trade creditors Tk. 41,000; Bills payable Tk. 30,000; Bank overdraft Tk. 20,000; Capital Tk. 34,250. Total Tk. 1,25,250.
   Additional Information:
   Liabilities on bills discounted Tk. 7,500 of which Tk. 3,000 is bad. Her household furniture was valued Tk. 5,000. She owned a house valued at Tk. 15,000 having a mortgage on it of Tk. 10,000 at 10% interest p.a. and interest for last six months still payable. Preferential creditors of Tk. 1,000 included in Trade creditors.
   Required:
   (a) Statement of Affairs
   (b) Deficiency Account

   English: Miss Samina filed her bankruptcy petition on 31-12-2018…

8. ১৭। Selected sales and operating for three divisions of different structural engineering firms are given below:
   Division-A: Sales Tk. 1,20,00,000; Average Operating Assets Tk. 30,00,000; Net Operating Income Tk. 6,00,000; Minimum Required Rate of Return 14%.
   Division-B: Sales Tk. 1,40,00,000; Average Operating Assets Tk. 70,00,000; Net Operating Income Tk. 5,60,000; Minimum Required Rate of Return 10%.
   Division-C: Sales Tk. 2,50,00,000; Average Operating Assets Tk. 50,00,000; Net Operating Income Tk. 8,00,000; Minimum Required Rate of Return 16%.
   Required:
   (1) Compute the return on investment (ROI) for each division using the formula, stated in terms of margin and turnover.
   (2) Compute the residual income for each division.
   (3) Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 15% rate of return.
   (a) If performance is being measured by ROI, which division or divisions will probably accept the opportunity? Reject? Why?
   (b) If the performance is being measured by residual income, which division or divisions will probably accept the opportunity? Reject? Why?

   English: Selected sales and operating for three divisions…

২০২০ সালের প্রশ্ন

ক-বিভাগ: অতিসংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ১ (ক)। শেয়ার বিপরীত বিভাজন কী?

   English: What is reverse stock split?

2. ১ (খ)। সম্পত্তি লভ্যাংশ কী?

   English: What is property dividend?

3. ১ (গ)। আর্থিক বিবরণীসমূহ কী কী?

   English: What are the financial statements?

4. ১ (ঘ)। কর্পোরেট মূলধন কী?

   English: What is corporate capital?

5. ১ (ঙ)। নগদ সমতুল্য কী কী?

   English: What are the cash equivalents?

6. ১ (চ)। পূর্ণরূপ লেখ: IFRS

   English: Elaborate: IFRS

7. ১ (ছ)। রাজস্ব (আয়) শনাক্তকরণ কী?

   English: What is revenue recognition?

8. ১ (জ)। অপারেটিং সেগমেন্ট কী?

   English: What is operating segment?

9. ১ (ঝ)। পরিচালন ইজারা কী?

   English: What is operating lease?

10. ১ (ঞ)। হিসাববিজ্ঞান অনুমান কী?

    English: What is accounting estimate?

11. ১ (ট)। মার্জিন কী?

    English: What is margin?

12. ১ (ঠ)। বিষয় বিবরণী কী?

    English: What is statement of affairs?

খ-বিভাগ: সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ২। সাধারণ শেয়ার ও অগ্রাধিকার শেয়ারের পার্থক্য দেখাও।

   English: Show the difference between general share and preferred share.

2. ৩। আর্থিক বিবরণীর সীমাবদ্ধতা আলোচনা কর।

   English: Discuss the limitation of financial statements.

3. ৪। ট্রেড লোডিং এবং চ্যানেল স্টাফিং কী?

   English: What is trade loading and channel stuffing?

4. ৫। হিসাববিজ্ঞানের নীতির পরিবর্তন আর্থিক প্রতিবেদনে উল্লেখ করার তিনটি পদ্ধতি সংক্ষেপে আলোচনা কর।

   English: Describe in brief, three approaches of changes of accounting principles in financial.

5. ৬। Akku Ltd. Company purchased from its stockholders 4,000 shares of its own previously issued stock for Tk. 1,60,000. It later resold 300 shares for Tk. 35 per share, then 1,000 shares for Tk. 50 per share, then 2,000 shares for Tk. 36 and finally 500 shares for Tk. 34 per share.
   Instruction: Prepare journal entries for the purchases and sales of the treasury stock.

   English: Akku Ltd. Company purchased from its stockholders 4,000 shares…

6. ৭। You are given the following data:
   Sales: Tk. 1,40,000; Invested capital: Tk. 50,000; ROI: 10%.
   Compute the followings:
   (a) Turnover of capital
   (b) Net operating income
   (c) Return on sales.

   English: You are given the following data: Sales Tk. 1,40,000…

7. ৮। From the following data calculate cash flows from operating activities using indirect method:
   Net income Tk. 50,000, depreciation Tk. 7,000, opening current assets Tk. 15,000, closing current assets Tk. 20,000, opening current liabilities Tk. 20,000, closing current liabilities Tk. 18,000, gain on sale of fixed assets Tk. 2,000, goodwill written off Tk. 500.

   English: From the following data calculate cash flows from operating activities…

8. ৯। X Company took lease an equipment from Z company which fair value is Tk. 1,50,000. The terms of the lease were:
   (i) lease period 5 years,
   (ii) life of the equipment 5 years,
   (iii) salvage value is Tk. 5,000 which is unguaranteed,
   (iv) interest rate is 8% p.a.
   Required:
   (a) Calculate the annual lease rent advanced basis
   (b) Show the journal entries for the first year in the books of X Co.

   English: X Company took lease an equipment from Z company…

গ-বিভাগ: রচনামূলক প্রশ্ন

1. ১০। (ক) দেউলিয়া আইন অনুযায়ী অব্যাহতিপ্রাপ্ত সম্পত্তি কী কী?
   (খ) ১৯৯৭ সালের দেউলিয়া আইন অনুসারে ৯ ধারা অনুযায়ী দেউলিয়া কর্ম কী কী?

   English: (a) What are the exempted property as per Bankruptcy act?
   (b) What are the Act of Bankruptcy under sec 9 of Bankruptcy Act, 1997?

2. ১১। At January 1, 2020 Shaka Ltd. has 8,000 outstanding common stock par values Tk. 10 per share. During 2020, the Co. took part in the following transactions concerning stockholders equity:
   May 15: Declared a 10% stock dividend on the outstanding common stock when the stock is selling for Tk. 40 per share.
   June 01: Issued the stock dividend.
   June 10: Announce a 2 for 1 stock split.
   July 15: Declared the annual 2020 Tk. 3 per share cash dividend on common stock.
   Sept 30: Purchased 1,000 treasury shares for Tk. 30 per share. The Co. uses cost method.
   Nov 10: Resold 300 treasury shares for Tk. 40 per share.
   Dec 31: Determine net income during the year Tk. 1,20,000.
   Required: Make journal entries to record the transactions describe above and prepare stockholders equity section.

   English: At January 1, 2020 Shaka Ltd. has 8,000 outstanding common stock…

3. ১২। Presented below is the trial balance as of December 31, 2020: X Ltd. Trial balance
   Cash Tk. 50,000; Accounts receivable Tk. 60,000; Allowances for doubtful debts Tk. 2,000; Merchandise inventory Tk. 30,000; Office equipment Tk. 50,000; Accumulated depreciation office equipment Tk. 4,000; Accounts payable Tk. 15,000; Notes payable Tk. 10,000; Common stock Tk. 1,00,000; Retained earnings Tk. 47,000; Dividends Tk. 12,000; Sales revenues Tk. 1,25,000; Cost of goods sold Tk. 75,000; Salaries expenses Tk. 10,000; Rent expenses Tk. 16,000. Total Tk. 3,03,000.
   Other data:
   (i) An inventory account on December 31 shows Tk. 29,000 of inventory actually on hand.
   (ii) Notes payable Tk. 10,000 is a note for one year at an annual interest rate of 12% dated December 30, 2020.
   (iii) Two months salaries were unpaid at December 31, 2020.
   (iv) Rent expenses include unexpired rent of Tk. 4,000 at December 31, 2020.
   (v) Depreciation is Tk. 5,000 on the office equipment.
   (vi) Make a provision for income tax @ 40% on net income before tax.
   Required:
   (a) Prepare an income statement.
   (b) Prepare a statement of retained earnings.
   (c) Prepare a classified balance sheet.

   English: Presented below is the trial balance as of December 31, 2020: X Ltd…

4. ১৩। The following summarized information relates to the installment sales activity of Lina Stores Inc. for 2020:
   Installment sales during 2020 Tk. 5,00,000; Cost of goods sold on installment basis Tk. 3,30,000; Collection from customers Tk. 2,00,000; Unpaid balances on merchandise repossessed Tk. 24,000; Estimated value of merchandise repossessed Tk. 9,200.
   Instructions:
   (a) Prepare Journal entries at the end of 2020 to record on the books of Lina Stores Inc. the summarized data above.
   (b) Prepare the entry to record the gross profit realized during 2020.

   English: The following summarized information relates to the installment sales activity…

5. ১৪। The General Leasing Company leases equipment under the following terms:
   A three years base agreement is signed in which the lessor receives annual rental of Tk. 2,500 (in advance). At the end of the three years, the lessee agree to make up any deficiency in residual value below Tk. 2,400 (guaranteed residual value to lessor) any excess over this amount accrues to the benefit of the lease. The cash price of the equipment is Tk. 8,433. The implicit rate is 12% which is known to the lessee and is less than the lessee's incremental borrowing rate. The lessee estimates the residual value at the end of three years to be Tk. 2,700 and depreciate its equipment on straight line basis.
   Required:
   (a) Give the entries on the lessee's books required in the first year of the lease. Assuming the lease begins May 1, 2016 the beginning of the lessee's fiscal year.
   (b) What balances related to the lease would appear on the lessee's balance sheet at end of year 3?
   (c) Assuming the equipment is sold by the lessee for Tk. 2,900. Prepare the entries to record the sales and settlement with the General Leasing Company.

   English: The General Leasing Company leases equipment under the following terms…

6. ১৫। Meiji Isetan Corp. of Japan has two regional divisions with headquarter in Osaka and Yokohama. Selected data on the two divisions follows:
   Division Osaka: Sales Tk. 30,00,000; Net operating income Tk. 2,10,000; Average operating assets Tk. 10,00,000.
   Division Yokohama: Sales Tk. 90,00,000; Net operating income Tk. 7,20,000; Average operating assets Tk. 40,00,000.
   Required:
   (a) Compute the return on investment (ROI) for each division
   (b) Assume that the company evaluates performance using residual income and that the minimum required rate of return is 15%. Compute the residual income for each division.
   (c) Is Yokohama's greater amount of residual income an indication that it is better managed? Explain.

   English: Meiji Isetan Corp. of Japan has two regional divisions…

7. ১৬। The first audit of the books of Liton Ltd. was made for the year ended December 31, 2020. In examination of the books, the auditor found that certain items had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years. These items are:
   (i) At the beginning of 2018, the company purchase a machine for Tk. 5,10,000 (Salvage value of Tk. 51,000) that had a useful life of 5 years. The bookkeeper used straight line method but failed to deduct the salvage value in computing the depreciation base for the 3 years.
   (ii) At the end of 2019 the company failed to accrued sales salaries of Tk. 45,000.
   (iii) The company purchased a copyright from another company early in 2018 for Tk. 45,000. Liton Ltd. had not amortized the copyright because its value had not diminished. The copyright has a useful life of 20 years from purchase.
   (iv) In 2020, the company wrote off Tk. 87,000 of inventory considered to be obsolete; this loss was charged directly to retained earnings.
   (v) Insurance for a 12 month period purchase on November 1, 2020 was charged to insurance expense in the amount of Tk. 3,000 because 'the amount of the cheque is about the same every year'.
   Prepare the journal entries necessary in 2020 to correct the books, assuming that the books have not been closed. Disregard effects of correction on income tax.

   English: The first audit of the books of Liton Ltd. was made for the year ended December 31, 2020…

8. ১৭। Mr. Chowdhury is insolvent and supplies the following information as on 31st December 2020:
   Accounts payable of which Tk. 2,00,000 was- Secured against inventory: Tk. 7,25,000; Bank loan (secured by a loan on building): Tk. 2,25,000; Unpaid salary to employees (for one month): Tk. 6,00,000 (Tk. 6,000); Income tax and property tax payable: Tk. 15,000; Cash in hand: Tk. 2,500; Furniture (expected to realize Tk. 45,000): Tk. 80,000; Inventory (expected to realize 50%): Tk. 6,00,000; Building (expected to realize Tk. 1,50,000): Tk. 2,00,000; Accounts receivable (expected to realize 50%): Tk. 2,22,000; Notes receivable (expected to realize 40%): Tk. 67,000; Loan from his wife: Tk. 1,00,000; Bills discounted (40% bad): Tk. 90,000.
   Mr. Chowdhury started business 5 years ago with a capital of Tk. 1,00,000. During 5 years his business earned a profit of Tk. 50,500 and he withdrew Tk. 10,000 per year for personal expenses.
   Prepare the statement of affairs and deficiency account of Mr. Chowdhury.

   English: Mr. Chowdhury is insolvent and supplies the following information as on 31st December 2020…

২০২১ সালের প্রশ্ন

ক-বিভাগ: অতিসংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ১ (ক)। খণ্ডকালীন বিবরণী কী?

   English: What is segment reporting?

2. ১ (খ)। পূর্ণ প্রকাশ নীতি কী?

   English: What is full disclosure principle?

3. ১ (গ)। গঠনমূলক বাধ্যবাধকতা কী?

   English: What is constructive obligation?

4. ১ (ঘ)। ফাইন্যান্স লিজিং-এর দুটি শর্ত উল্লেখ কর।

   English: Mention two criteria for finance lease.

5. ১ (ঙ)। অভারসাম্যপূর্ণ ভুল কীভাবে আর্থিক বিবরণীকে প্রভাবিত করে?

   English: How does a non-counter balancing error affect the financial statement?

6. ১ (চ)। খণ্ডকালীন প্রতিবেদনের উদ্দেশ্য উল্লেখ কর।

   English: State the objectives of segment reporting.

7. ১ (ছ)। মিশ্রিত ইপিএস নির্ণয়ের সূত্রটি লেখ।

   English: Write the formula of calculating diluted EPS.

8. ১ (জ)। সম্ভাব্য দায় কী?

   English: What is contingent liability?

9. ১ (ঝ)। কেন সাময়িক ব্যবধান সৃষ্টি হয়?

   English: Why does temporary difference occur?

10. ১ (ঞ)। বার্গেন ক্রয় সুযোগ বা স্বল্পমূল্যে ক্রয় বিকল্প কী?

    English: What is bargain purchase option?

11. ১ (ট)। হিসাববিজ্ঞানের অনুমান পরিবর্তনের একটি উদাহরণ দাও।

    English: Give an example of change in accounting estimate.

12. ১ (ঠ)। অন্তর্বর্তীকালীন প্রতিবেদন কী?

    English: What is interim reporting?

খ-বিভাগ: সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ২। স্টক খণ্ডন এবং স্টক লভ্যাংশের মধ্যে পার্থক্য দেখাও।

   English: Show the difference between stock split and stock dividend.

2. ৩। IAS-1 অনুসারে আর্থিক বিবরণীর উপাদানগুলো কী কী?

   English: What are the components of financial statement as per IAS-1?

3. ৪। পরিচালন ইজারা এবং মূলধন ইজারার মধ্যে পার্থক্য দেখাও।

   English: Distinguish between operating lease and capital lease.

4. ৫। Edna Millay Corporation-এর বকেয়া মূলধনে রয়েছে ১০০ টাকা মূল্যের ২,০০০ শেয়ার ৮% অগ্রাধিকার শেয়ার এবং ৫০ টাকা মূল্যের ৫,০০০ সাধারণ শেয়ার। যদি কোম্পানির বণ্টনযোগ্য সংরক্ষিত আয় ৯০,০০০ টাকা হয় এবং বর্তমান বছরের পূর্ববর্তী ২ বছর কোনো অগ্রাধিকার লভ্যাংশ প্রদান করা না হয়ে থাকে, তবে নিম্নোক্ত অবস্থায় উভয় শ্রেণির শেয়ারের লভ্যাংশ নির্ণয় কর: (ক) অগ্রাধিকার শেয়ার অ-সঞ্চয়ী ও অ-অংশগ্রহণকারী; (খ) অগ্রাধিকার শেয়ার সঞ্চয়ী ও অ-অংশগ্রহণকারী।

   English: The outstanding capital stock of Edna Millay Corporation consists of 2,000 shares of Tk. 100 par value, 8% preferred and 5,000 shares of Tk. 50 par value common. Instructions: Assuming that company has retained earnings of Tk. 90,000, all of which to be paid out dividends and that preferred dividends were not paid during the 2 years preceding the current year, state how much each class of stock should receive under each of the following conditions: (a) The preferred stock is noncumulative and fully nonparticipating. (b) The preferred stock is cumulative and fully nonparticipating.

5. ৬। Arash photography reported net income of Tk. 1,00,000 for 2021. Included in the income statement were depreciation expense of Tk. 5,000; amortization expense of Tk. 3,000; and a gain on sale of equipment of Tk. 3,600. Arash's comparative balance sheet show the following balances:
   – Accounts receivable: 31.12.2020: Tk. 27,000; 31.12.2021: Tk. 21,000
   – Accounts payable: 31.12.2020: Tk. 16,000; 31.12.2021: Tk. 19,200
   Required: Calculate net cash provided by operating activities for Arash photography.

   English: Arash photography reported net income of Tk. 1,00,000 for 2021. Included in the income statement were depreciation expense of Tk. 5,000; amortization expense of Tk. 3,000; and a gain on sale of equipment of Tk. 3,600. Arash's comparative balance sheet show the following balances: Accounts receivable 31.12.2020: 27,000, 31.12.2021: 21,000; Accounts payable 31.12.2020: 16,000, 31.12.2021: 19,200. Required: Calculate net cash provided by operating activities for Arash photography.

6. ৭। Raha company is involved in four separate industries. The following information is available for each of the four industries:
   – W: Total revenue Tk. 60,000; Operating profit Tk. 15,000; Identifiable assets Tk. 1,67,000
   – X: Total revenue Tk. 10,000; Operating profit Tk. 3,000; Identifiable assets Tk. 83,000
   – Y: Total revenue Tk. 23,000; Operating loss Tk. (2,000); Identifiable assets Tk. 21,000
   – Z: Total revenue Tk. 9,000; Operating profit Tk. 1,000; Identifiable assets Tk. 19,000
   Total: Revenue Tk. 1,02,000; Operating profit Tk. 17,000; Identifiable assets Tk. 2,90,000.
   Required: Determine which of the operating segments are reportable based on the: (a) Revenue test, (b) Operating profit (Loss) test, (c) Identifiable assets test.

   English: Raha company is involved in four separate industries. Determine which of the operating segments are reportable based on the: (a) Revenue test. (b) Operating profit (Loss) test. (c) Identifiable assets test.

7. ৮। Taj Ltd. purchases a machine on 01-01-2018 for Tk. 4,40,000. At that time it was estimated that the machine would have a 10 years life and no salvage value. On 31-12-2021, it is found that the entry for depreciation expenses has been omitted in 2019. In addition, management has informed the account at the company plans to switch to straight-line method starting from 2021. At present, the company uses the sum of years digit method. Required: Give entries for omission of depreciation and changes of depreciation method.

   English: Taj Ltd. purchases a machine on 01-01-2018 for Tk. 4,40,000. At that time it was estimated that the machine would have a 10 years life and no salvage value. On 31-12-2021, it is found that the entry for depreciation expenses has been omitted in 2019. In addition, management has informed the account at the company plans to switch to straight-line method starting from 2021. At present, the company uses the sum of years digit method. Required: Give entries for omission of depreciation and changes of depreciation method.

8. ৯। Mr. Shown is insolvent. He supplies to you the following information as on 31 March, 2019:
   Accounts receivable 25,00,000, Accounts payable 20,00,000, Notes receivable 2,00,000, Machinery 10,00,000, Inventory 20,00,000, Investment 5,00,000, Furniture 1,00,000, Factory building 1,00,00,000, Cash 50,000, Life policy (Surrender value 75,000) 1,00,000. Other property 2,00,00,000. 10% loan secured by inventory 10,00,000. All assets (except cash) are realized to 80% of book value. Calculate the total receiver's fees.

   English: Mr. Shown is insolvent. He supplies to you the following information as on 31 March, 2019: Accounts receivable 25,00,000, Accounts payable 20,00,000, Notes receivable 2,00,000, Machinery 10,00,000, Inventory 20,00,000, Investment 5,00,000, Furniture 1,00,000, Factory building 1,00,00,000, Cash 50,000, Life policy (Surrender value 75,000) 1,00,000. Other property 2,00,00,000. 10% loan secured by inventory 10,00,000. All assets (except cash) are realized to 80% of book value. Calculate the total receiver's fees.

গ-বিভাগ: রচনামূলক প্রশ্ন

1. ১০। (ক) পরিচালন অংশ কী? পরিচালন অংশের কোন তথ্য প্রকাশ করতে হবে সেগুলো কী কী?
   (খ) দুই বা ততোধিক পরিচালন অংশের তথ্য একত্রীকরণের শর্তাবলি বর্ণনা কর।

   English: (a) What is operating segment? What are the segment information that is required to be disclosed?
   (b) Discuss the aggregation criteria of information about two or more operating segments.

2. ১১। Keya Ltd.-এর তুলনামূলক উদ্বৃত্তপত্র এবং লাভ-ক্ষতি বিবরণী নিচে দেওয়া হলো:
   [Comparative Balance Sheet 2017: Cash 70,000 to 35,000; Marketable security 10,000 to 15,000; Accounts receivable 40,000 to 50,000; Notes receivable 25,000 to 5,000; Inventories 40,000 to 48,000; Prepaid insurance 12,000 to 9,000; Machinery 2,00,000 to 4,50,000; Accumulated depreciation (40,000) to (55,000); Land 90,000 to 0. Liabilities: Accounts payable 16,000 to 56,600; Salaries payable 20,000 to 45,000; Wages payable 0 to 10,000; Taxes payable 40,600 to 45,000; Notes payable 10,000 to 0; Equity capital 1,10,000 to 2,05,000; Bond 1,00,000 to 75,000; Retained earnings 1,50,400 to 1,20,400. Income Statement: Sales 8,00,000; Cost of goods sold (5,50,000); Operating expense (including depreciation) (2,00,000); Gain on sales of machinery 2,000; Income tax expense (20,000); Net income 32,000.]
   Additional information: 1. Dividends paid Tk. 62,000; 2. Machinery that had a cost of Tk. 20,000 with accumulated depreciation of Tk. 15,000 was sold during 2017; 3. Bond of Tk. 40,000 converted into equity share capital.
   Instructions: Prepare a statement of cash flow using the direct method.

   English: Prepare a statement of cash flow using the direct method for Keya Ltd. for the year ended 31st December, 2017.

3. ১২। Sundarban Ltd.-এর ২০২১ সালের ৩১ ডিসেম্বর তারিখের রেওয়ামিল:
   Issued capital (4,000 shares of Tk. 10 each): 40,000 Cr; Inventories: 3,400 Dr; Purchase: 29,160 Dr; Sales: 37,310 Cr; Rent expenses: 2,820 Dr; Salaries expenses: 3,100 Dr; 5% Investment (01.10.2021): 20,000 Dr; Accounts receivable: 24,200 Dr; Accounts payable: 22,030 Cr; Cash: 21,730 Dr; Taxation provision: 10,620 Cr; Calls in arrear: 500 Dr; Retained earnings (01.01.2021): 6,050 Cr; Machinery: 11,100 Dr. Total = Tk. 1,16,010.
   Other data:
   (a) Ending inventories Tk. 18,000;
   (b) Dividend proposed @ 10%;
   (c) Transfer to general reserve Tk. 1,000;
   (d) Make a provision for income tax @ 22.5% on net income before tax.
   Required: (i) Statement of comprehensive income; (ii) Statement of changes in equity; (iii) Statement of financial position.

   English: Prepare (i) Statement of comprehensive income; (ii) Statement of changes in equity; (iii) Statement of financial position for Sundarban Ltd. as on 31st December 2021.

4. ১৩। Amy Van Dyken Construction Company uses the percentage of completion method of accounting. In 2018, Van Dyken began work under contract which provided for a contract price of Tk. 22,00,000. Other details follow:
   – Costs incurred during the year: 2018: Tk. 4,80,000; 2019: Tk. 14,25,000
   – Estimated costs to complete, as of Dec 31: 2018: Tk. 11,20,000; 2019: –
   – Billings during the years: 2018: Tk. 4,20,000; 2019: Tk. 16,80,000
   – Collections during the years: 2018: Tk. 3,50,000; 2019: Tk. 15,00,000
   Instructions:
   (a) What portion of the total contract price would be recognized as revenue in 2018 and 2019?
   (b) Assuming the same facts of those above except that Van Dyken uses the completed contract method of accounting, what portion of the total contract price would be recognized as revenue in 2019?
   (c) Prepare a complete set of journal entries for 2018 (using percentage of completion method).

   English: Instructions: (a) What portion of the total contract price would be recognized as revenue in 2018 and 2019? (b) Assuming the completed contract method, what portion of total contract price would be recognized as revenue in 2019? (c) Prepare journal entries for 2018 under percentage of completion method.

5. ১৪। Nehaj Stores sells merchandise on open account as well as on installment terms.
   – Sales on account: 2018: 3,85,000; 2019: 4,26,000; 2020: 5,25,000
   – Installment sales: 2018: 3,20,000; 2019: 2,75,000; 2020: 3,80,000
   – Cost of sales – Sold on account: 2018: 2,70,000; 2019: 2,77,000; 2020: 3,41,000
   – Cost of sales – Sold on installment: 2018: 2,14,400; 2019: 1,76,000; 2020: 2,28,000
   – Selling expenses: 2018: 77,000; 2019: 87,000; 2020: 92,000
   – Administrative expenses: 2018: 50,000; 2019: 51,000; 2020: 52,000
   Collections on installment sales:
   – Made in 2018: 2018: 1,00,000; 2019: 90,000; 2020: 40,000
   – Made in 2019: 2019: 1,10,000; 2020: 1,40,000
   – Made in 2020: 2020: 1,25,000
   Instructions: Determine the net income for each year, applying the installment sales method of accounting. (Ignore interest charges.)

   English: Determine the net income for each year (2018, 2019, 2020), applying the installment sales method of accounting.

6. ১৫। Assume that on January 1, 2021 Nipu Corporation signs a 10 year non-cancelable lease agreement to lease storage building from Sanjoy Company. The following information pertains to this lease agreement:
   (a) The agreement requires equal rental payments of Tk. 90,000 beginning on January 1, 2021.
   (b) The fair value of the building on January 1, 2021 is Tk. 5,50,000.
   (c) The building has an estimated economic life of 12 years, with an unguaranteed residual value of Tk. 10,000. Nipu depreciates similar buildings on the straight-line method.
   (d) The lease is nonrenewable. At the termination of the lease the building reverts to the lessor.
   (e) Nipu's incremental borrowing rate is 12% per year. The lessor's implicit rate is not known by Nipu.
   (f) The yearly rental payment includes Tk. 3,088 of executory costs related to taxes on the property.
   Instructions: Prepare the journal entries on the lessee's books to reflect the signing of the lease agreement and to record the payments and expenses related to this lease for the years 2021 and 2022. Nipu's corporate year end is December 31.

   English: Prepare the journal entries on the lessee's books (Nipu Corporation) to reflect the signing of the lease agreement and to record the payments and expenses for 2021 and 2022.

7. ১৬। You have been assigned to examine the following financial statements of Adbi Company for the year ended December 31, 2021. You discover the following situations:
   (a) In 2021, the company sold for Tk. 3,700 fully depreciated equipment that originally cost Tk. 25,000. The company credited the proceeds from the sale to the equipment account.
   (b) A large piece of equipment was purchased on January 1, 2021, for Tk. 40,000 and was charged to maintenance and repairs expense. The equipment is estimated to have service life of 8 years and no residual value. Adbi normally uses the straight line depreciation method for this type of equipment.
   (c) A trademark was acquired at the beginning of 2020 for Tk. 50,000. No amortization has been recorded since its acquisition. The maximum allowable amortization period is 10 years.
   (d) A collection of Tk. 5,600 on account from a customer received on December 31, 2021 was not recorded until January 3, 2022.
   (e) Adbi has a portfolio of trading securities. No entry has been made to adjust to market. Information on cost and market value is as follows:
   – Dec 31, 2020: Cost Tk. 95,000; Market Tk. 95,000
   – Dec 31, 2021: Cost Tk. 84,000; Market Tk. 82,000
   Instructions: Assume the trial balance has been prepared but the books have not been closed for 2021. Assuming all amounts are material, prepare journal entries showing the adjustments that are required. (Ignore income tax considerations.)

   English: Prepare journal entries showing the adjustments required at Dec 31, 2021, before closing entries are made.

8. ১৭। (ক) ভারসাম্যপূর্ণ ভুল ও অভারসাম্যপূর্ণ ভুলের পার্থক্য লিখ।
   (খ) হিসাববিজ্ঞানের অনুমান পরিবর্তনগুলো কি কি?

   English: (a) Distinguish between counter balancing errors and non-counter balancing errors.
   (b) What are the changes in accounting estimates?

২০২২ সালের প্রশ্ন

ক-বিভাগ: অতিসংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ১ (ক)। সম্পত্তি লভ্যাংশ কী?

   English: What is property dividend?

2. ১ (খ)। গুপ্ত সঞ্চিতি কী?

   English: What is secret reserve?

3. ১ (গ)। আর্থিক বিবরণীর উপাদানসমূহ কী কী?

   English: What are the elements of financial statements?

4. ১ (ঘ)। নগদ সমতুল্য কী কী?

   English: What are the cash equivalents?

5. ১ (ঙ)। রিসিভার কে?

   English: Who is a receiver?

6. ১ (চ)। অবশেষ আয় নির্ণয়ের সূত্রটি লেখ।

   English: Write down the formula of residual income.

7. ১ (ছ)। হিসাববিজ্ঞান নীতির পরিবর্তন কী?

   English: What is change in accounting principles?

8. ১ (জ)। মুনাফা কেন্দ্র কী?

   English: What is profit centre?

9. ১ (ঝ)। হিসাব অনুমানের সংজ্ঞা দাও।

   English: Define the accounting assumptions.

10. ১ (ঞ)। দীর্ঘমেয়াদি ঠিকাকার্যের হিসাব সংরক্ষণের দুটি মূল পদ্ধতি উল্লেখ কর।

    English: State the two methods of accounting for long-term contract.

11. ১ (ট)। CODM এর পূর্ণরূপ কী?

    English: What is the elaboration of CODM?

12. ১ (ঠ)। স্বয়ংশোধক ভুল কী?

    English: What is counter balancing errors?

খ-বিভাগ: সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ২। লভ্যাংশের শ্রেণিবিভাগ আলোচনা কর।

   English: Discuss the types of dividend.

2. ৩। ইজারাগ্রহীতার বইতে মূলধনী ইজারা ব্যবহারিকভাবে হিসাবভুক্ত করার জন্য কী কী শর্ত অবশ্যই পূরণ করতে হবে?

   English: What criteria must be met before a lease can be properly accounted for as a capital lease on the books of lessee?

3. ৪। আয় চিহ্নিতকরণের সাধারণ দিকনির্দেশনা আলোচনা কর।

   English: Discuss the general guidelines for revenue recognition.

4. ৫। At 1st January 2022 Saad Ltd. has 20,000 outstanding common stock stated value Tk. 15 per share and retained earnings Tk. 1,30,000. During 2022 Saad Ltd. took part in the following transactions relating stockholders equity:
   – May 15: Declared a 5% stock dividend on outstanding common stock when the stock is selling for Tk. 50 per share.
   – June 1: Issued the stock dividend.
   – June 10: Announced a 3-for-1 stock split.
   – Nov. 15: Purchased 5,000 treasury shares for Tk. 28 per share.
   Required: Prepare stockholders' equity section.

   English: Prepare the stockholders' equity section for Saad Ltd. after the 2022 equity transactions.

5. ৬। Square Ltd. had the following activities during 2023:
   – Net income Tk. 35,000
   – Issued common stock for cash Tk. 64,000
   – Paid cash dividend Tk. 14,600
   – Paid cash to settle note payable Tk. 50,000
   – Paid cash acquire treasury stock Tk. 12,000
   – Purchased equipment by cash Tk. 39,000
   Prepare the financing activities section of the statement of cash flows for 2023.

   English: Prepare the financing activities section of the statement of cash flows for Square Ltd. for 2023.

6. ৭। On July 10, 2023 Time Electronics sold mobile chargers to retailers on account and recorded sales revenue of Tk. 7,00,000 (cost Tk. 5,60,000). Time Electronics grants the right to return mobile chargers that do not sell in 3 month following delivery. Past experience indicates that the normal return rate is 15%. By October 5, 2023 retailers returned mobile chargers to Time Electronics and were granted credit of Tk. 78,000. Prepare Time Electronics journal entries to record:
   (a) The sale on July 10, 2023,
   (b) Tk. 78,000 of returns on October 5, 2023 and
   (c) October 31, 2023 adjusting entry. Assume that Time Electronics prepares financial statement on October 31.

   English: Prepare journal entries for sale with right of return, actual returns, and year-end adjusting entries on October 31.

7. ৮। Siddica Enterprises purchased a machine for Tk. 80,000 on January 1, 2021. Estimated life of the machine is 5 years. The accountant incorrectly expensed this machine in 2021. The error was discovered in 2022. The company desires to use straight line depreciation on this asset. Make entry on Dec. 31, 2022 to correct for this error, assuming:
   (i) The books have not been closed,
   (ii) The books have been closed.

   English: Make entries on Dec. 31, 2022 to correct for the error assuming (i) the books have not been closed, and (ii) the books have been closed.

8. ৯। Provide the missing data in the following table for a distributor of martial arts products:
   [Division Beta: Sales Tk. ?; Net operating income Tk. ?; Average operating assets Tk. 8,00,000; Margin 4%; Turnover 5; Return on investment (ROI) 20%.
   Division Gama: Sales Tk. ?; Net operating income Tk. 2,10,000; Average operating assets Tk. ?; Margin 7%; Turnover 2; Return on investment (ROI) 14%.]

   English: Provide the missing data in the table for Beta and Gama divisions (DuPont ROI analysis).

গ-বিভাগ: রচনামূলক প্রশ্ন

1. ১০। (ক) দেউলিয়া বিষয়ক আইন, ১৯৯৭ এর ধারা-৯ অনুসারে দেউলিয়া কর্ম কী কী?
   (খ) উদ্বৃত্তপত্র ও বিষয় বিবরণীর মধ্যে পার্থক্য বর্ণনা কর।

   English: (a) What are the acts of bankruptcy under sec. 9 of Bankruptcy Act, 1997?
   (b) Discuss the difference between Balance Sheet and Statement of Affairs.

2. ১১। Presented below is the Trial balance as of December 31, 2022 for B Ltd.:
   Cash 33,000 Dr; Accounts receivable 50,000 Dr; Discount on debenture 5,000 Dr; Merchandise inventory 20,000 Dr; Store equipment 80,000 Dr; Accumulated depreciation store equipment 12,000 Cr; Accounts payable 22,000 Cr; Common stock 90,000 Cr; 8% Debenture 40,000 Cr; Goods sent on consignments 10,000 Dr; Sales revenue 1,50,000 Cr; Purchase 80,000 Dr; Salaries expense 32,000 Dr; Utilities expense 8,000 Dr; General expense 4,000 Cr [General reserve 4,000 Cr]. Total = Tk. 3,18,000.
   Others data:
   (i) An inventory account on December 31 shows Tk. 20,000 (Goods sold but not delivered Tk. 3,000 included in closing stock).
   (ii) Discount on debenture write off 10%.
   (iii) Three months interest due on debenture, salaries accrued but not paid Tk. 3,000.
   (iv) General reserve increased by Tk. 6,000.
   (v) Charge 10% depreciation on the store equipment.
   You have to prepare (1) Income statement, (2) Retained earnings statement and (3) Balance sheet.

   English: Prepare (1) Income statement, (2) Retained earnings statement and (3) Balance sheet for B Ltd. as on December 31, 2022.

3. ১২। Shown below are the balance sheet of Rupa corporation for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2022:
   Assets: Cash: 2022: 12,500; 2021: 5,000; Accounts receivable: 2022: 5,000; 2021: 2,500; Inventory: 2022: 37,500; 2021: 30,000; Long-term investment: 2022: 0; 2021: 8,000; Equipment: 2022: 50,000; 2021: 40,000; Accumulated depreciation: 2022: (15,000); 2021: (12,500). Total: 2022: 90,000; 2021: 73,000.
   Liabilities and stockholders' equity: Accounts payable: 2022: 9,000; 2021: 2,500; Wages payable: 2022: 5,000; 2021: 5,500; Bonds payable: 2022: 40,000; 2021: 50,000; Common stock: 2022: 10,000; 2021: 10,000; Retained earnings: 2022: 26,000; 2021: 5,000. Total: 2022: 90,000; 2021: 73,000.
   Others information:
   – Net income for 2022 was Tk. 36,000.
   – A fully depreciated equipment that had originally cost Tk. 5,000 was sold for Tk. 1,200.
   – The long-term investment were sold for Tk. 6,500.
   – Additional equipment purchased during the year Tk. 15,000.
   Required: Prepare a statement of cash flows for the year ended 31st December, 2022 using indirect method of computing cash provided by operating activities.

   English: Prepare a statement of cash flows for Rupa Corporation for the year ended 31st December, 2022 using the indirect method.

4. ১৩। On March 1, 2020 Habib construction entered into a contract to build an apartment building. It is estimated that the building will cost Tk. 20,00,000 and will take 3 years to complete. The contract price was Tk. 30,00,000. The following information's is available:
   – Costs incurred to date: 2020: 6,00,000; 2021: 15,60,000; 2022: 21,00,000
   – Estimated cost to complete: 2020: 14,00,000; 2021: 3,90,000; 2022: 0
   – Billings to date: 2020: 10,50,000; 2021: 21,00,000; 2022: 30,00,000
   – Collections to date: 2020: 9,00,000; 2021: 20,00,000; 2022: 29,00,000
   Required:
   (a) Compute the amount of gross profit to be recognized each year assuming the percentages of completion method is used.
   (b) Prepare all journal entries for 2022.

   English: Compute gross profit recognized each year (2020-2022) under percentage of completion method and prepare all journal entries for 2022.

5. ১৪। H Leasing company agrees to lease machinery to B Corporation on January 1, 2021. The following information related to the lease agreement:
   (i) The term of the lease is 7 years with no renewal option and the machinery has an estimated economic life of 9 years.
   (ii) The cost of the machinery is Tk. 4,20,000 and the fair value of the asset on January 1, 2021 is Tk. 5,60,000.
   (iii) At the end of the lease term the assets reverts to the lessor. At the end of the lease term the asset is expected to have a guaranteed expected residual value of Tk. 80,000. B depreciates all of its equipment on a straight line basis.
   (iv) The lease agreement requires equal annual rental payments beginning on January 1, 2021.
   (v) The collectability of the lease payments is reasonably predictable and there are no important uncertainties surrounding the amount of costs yet to be incurred by the lessor.
   (vi) H desires a 10% rate of return of its investments. B's incremental borrowing rate is 11% and the lessor's implicit rate is unknown.
   Instructions:
   (a) Prepare the journal entries that B would make in 2021 and 2022 related to the lease agreement.
   (b) Prepare the journal entries that H would make in 2021 and 2022.

   English: Prepare journal entries for lessee (B Corporation) and lessor (H Leasing) for 2021 and 2022.

6. ১৫। A partial trial balance of Arijit Food Co. is given below:
   – Supplies on hand: Tk. 2,000 Dr
   – Accrued salaries: Tk. 1,500 Cr
   – Interest receivable on investment: Tk. 5,100 Dr
   – Prepaid insurance: Tk. 80,000 Dr
   – Rent income: Tk. 30,000 Cr
   – Accrued interest payable: Tk. 15,000 Cr
   Additional adjustments:
   (i) A physical count of supplies on hand on 31st December 2022 total Tk. 700.
   (ii) The unexpired portions of the insurance policies total Tk. 60,000 as of December 31, 2022.
   (iii) Tk. 30,000 was received on January 1, 2022 for the rent of a building for both 2022 and 2023.
   (iv) Depreciation for the year was erroneously recorded as Tk. 5,000 rather than the correct figure of Tk. 50,000.
   (v) A further review of depreciation calculations of prior years revealed that depreciation of Tk. 7,200 was not recorded. It was decided that this oversight should be corrected by a prior period adjustments.
   Required: Give the adjusting entries necessary at December 31, 2022 assuming that:
   (a) the books have not been closed (ignore tax),
   (b) the books have been closed (ignore tax).

   English: Give the adjusting entries necessary at December 31, 2022 assuming (a) the books have not been closed, and (b) the books have been closed.

7. ১৬। The service division of Keya Industries reported the following results for 2022:
   – Sales: Tk. 5,00,000
   – Variable costs: Tk. 3,00,000
   – Controllable fixed costs: Tk. 75,000
   – Average operating assets: Tk. 4,50,000
   Management is considering the following independent courses of action in 2023 in order to maximize the return on investment for this division:
   (i) Reduce average operating assets by Tk. 50,000, with no change in controllable margin.
   (ii) Increase sales Tk. 1,00,000 with no change in contribution margin percentage.
   Required:
   (a) Compute the controllable margin and the return on investment for 2022.
   (b) Compute the controllable margin and the expected return on investment for each proposed alternative.

   English: Compute controllable margin and ROI for 2022 and evaluate the two proposed investment alternatives.

8. ১৭। Mr. Sakib is declared insolvent. He supplies you the following information:
   – Cash: 500
   – Stock: Book 3,000; Estimated to realize 2,000
   – Furniture: Book 2,500; Estimated to realize 1,600
   – Bills receivable: Book 2,400; Estimated to realize 1,900
   – Debtors: Good: 5,000; Doubtful: Book 2,500 (estimated to produce 1,000); Bad: 2,100
   – Securities held by fully secured creditors: 8,000
   – Securities held by partly secured creditors: 6,000
   – Partly secured creditors: 8,000
   – Fully secured creditors: 5,000
   – Creditors on open account: 25,000
   – Preferential creditors: 1,000
   – Liability for bill discounted (expected to rank Tk. 1,500): 2,000
   On January 1, 2021 he commenced business with a capital of Tk. 10,000. His profits for 2021 and 2022 amounted to Tk. 5,000. He suffered a loss of Tk. 4,000 in 2023. He lost Tk. 10,000 in speculation. His drawings amounted to Tk. 8,000. A liability of Tk. 500 included in the creditors on open account is not likely to arise and therefore has to be write off. His household liabilities amounting to Tk. 3,000 and non-exempted private property is Tk. 4,500.
   Required:
   (a) Statement of affairs as at December 31, 2023.
   (b) Deficiency account on the same date.

   English: Prepare Statement of Affairs and Deficiency Account for Mr. Sakib as at December 31, 2023.

২০২৩ সালের প্রশ্ন

ক-বিভাগ: অতিসংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ১ (ক)। অংশগ্রহণকারী অগ্রাধিকার শেয়ার কী?

   English: What is participating preference share?

2. ১ (খ)। অর্জিত মূলধন কী?

   English: What is earned capital?

3. ১ (গ)। আন্তর্জাতিক হিসাবমান-১ এর শিরোনাম কী?

   English: What is the title of International Accounting Standard-1?

4. ১ (ঘ)। পূর্ণরূপ লেখ: BSEC.

   English: Elaborate: BSEC.

5. ১ (ঙ)। ফ্র্যাঞ্চাইজি কে?

   English: Who is franchisee?

6. ১ (চ)। নিট ইজারা কী?

   English: What is net lease?

7. ১ (ছ)। প্রতিবেদন সত্তার পরিবর্তন কী?

   English: What is change in reporting entity?

8. ১ (জ)। সংখ্যাত্মক সীমানা (Quantitative threshold) কী?

   English: What is quantitative threshold?

9. ১ (ঝ)। জামানতবিহীন পাওনাদার কারা?

   English: Who are the unsecured creditors?

10. ১ (ঞ)। অবলিখক কে?

    English: Who is underwriter?

11. ১ (ট)। স্টক বিভাজন কী?

    English: What is stock split?

12. ১ (ঠ)। সরবরাহের পূর্বে আয় চিহ্নিতকরণ বলতে কী বুঝ?

    English: What do you mean by revenue recognition before delivery?

খ-বিভাগ: সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ২। “লভ্যাংশ অবশ্যই নগদে পরিশোধ করতে হবে।”—তুমি কী একমত? ব্যাখ্যা কর।

   English: ("Dividend must be paid in cash."—Do you agree? Explain.)

2. ৩। কখন নিম্নলিখিত পরিস্থিতিতে আয় স্বীকৃত হয়?
   (ক) পণ্য বিক্রয় হতে আয়?
   (খ) সেবা হতে আয়?
   (গ) প্রতিষ্ঠানের সম্পদ অন্যদেরকে ব্যবহারের অনুমতি প্রদান হতে আয়?
   (ঘ) পণ্য ছাড়া অন্য সম্পদ হস্তান্তর হতে আয়?

   English: When is revenue recognized in the following situations: (a) Revenue from selling products? (b) Revenue from services rendered? (c) Revenue from permitting others to use enterprise assets? (d) Revenue from disposing of assets other than products?

3. ৪। কোম্পানির আর্থিক বিবরণীতে আয়কর ও আয়কর প্রভিশন কীভাবে দেখানো হয়?

   English: How income tax and income tax provision are shown in company's financial statements?

4. ৫। As an auditor for the CPA firm of Hinkson and Calvert, you encounter the following situations in auditing different clients:
   (a) LR Corporation is a closely held corporation whose stock is not publicly traded. On December 5, the corporation acquired land by issuing 5,000 shares of its Tk. 20 par value common stock. The owners asking price for the land was Tk. 1,20,000 and fair value of the land was Tk. 1,10,000.
   (b) ABC Corporation is a publicly held corporation whose common stock is traded on the securities markets. On June 1, it acquired land by issuing 20,000 shares of its Tk. 10 par value stock. At the time of the exchange, the land was advertised for sale at Tk. 2,50,000. The stock was selling at Tk. 11 per share.
   Required: Prepare the journal entries of each of the situation above.

   English: Prepare journal entries for issuance of stock for non-cash assets (land) for closely-held vs publicly-traded corporations.

5. ৬। On January-1, 2023, Abram Corporation had retained earnings of Tk. 7,10,000. During the year Abram Corporation had the following selected transactions:
   (a) Declared cash dividends Tk. 1,30,000.
   (b) Corrected overstatement of 2022 net income because of inventory error Tk. 40,000.
   (c) Earned net income Tk. 3,50,000.
   (d) Declared stock dividend Tk. 90,000.
   Required: Determine the retained earnings balance at the end of the year.

   English: Determine the retained earnings balance at the end of the year for Abram Corporation.

6. ৭। Zahin Incorporation sells goods on the installment basis and uses the installment-sales method. Due to a customer default, Zahin Incorporation repossessed merchandise that was originally sold for Tk. 950, resulting in a gross profit rate of 35%. At the time of repossession, the uncollected balance is Tk. 600 and the fair value of the repossessed merchandise is Tk. 260.
   Required: Prepare Zahin's entry to record the repossession.

   English: Prepare Zahin's journal entry to record the repossession of merchandise under installment-sales method.

7. ৮। Arosh Corporation purchased a piece of equipment for Tk. 54,000. It estimated a 6 year life and Tk. 6,000 salvage value. At the end of year three (before the depreciation adjustment), it estimated the new total life to be 10 years and new salvage value to be Tk. 2,000. Required: Compute the revised depreciation.

   English: Compute the revised depreciation for Arosh Corporation after changes in useful life and salvage value.

8. ৯। Rima Company has seven industry segments with total revenues as follows:
   Genso Tk. 650; Konami Tk. 600; RPG Tk. 375; Red moon Tk. 275; Sergei Tk. 200; Takuhi Tk. 230; Nippon Tk. 900.
   Required: Based only on the revenues test, which industry segments are reportable?

   English: Based only on the revenues test (10% test of IFRS 8), which industry segments of Rima Company are reportable?

গ-বিভাগ: রচনামূলক প্রশ্ন

1. ১০। পূর্ববর্তী সময়ে ইস্যুকৃত আর্থিক বিবরণীতে সংঘটিত ভুল কীভাবে তুমি সংশোধন করবে তা উদাহরণসহ বর্ণনা কর।

   English: Discuss and illustrate how a correction of an error in previously issued financial statements should be handled.

2. ১১। Fakhrul company issued 3,000 shares of stock. Required: Prepare the entry for the issuance under the following assumptions:
   (a) The stock had a par value of Tk. 5 per share and was issued for a total of Tk. 54,000.
   (b) The stock had a stated value of Tk. 5 per share and was issued for a total of Tk. 54,000.
   (c) The stock had no par or stated value and was issued for a total of Tk. 54,000.
   (d) The stock had a par value of Tk. 5 share and was issued to attorneys for services during incorporation valued at Tk. 54,000.
   (e) The stock had a par value of Tk. 5 per share and was issued for land worth Tk. 54,000.

   English: Prepare journal entries for issuance of 3,000 shares under 5 different conditions (par, stated value, no-par, organization costs, and land).

3. ১২। On 01-01-2020 Milu Ltd. sells inventory with a cost of Tk. 37,000 to Alo Ltd. for Tk. 50,000. Alo Ltd. will make payments as follows:
   – 2020: Tk. 25,000
   – 2021: Tk. 20,000
   – 2022: Tk. 5,000
   Required:
   (a) Compute the amount of gross profit realized each year, assuming Milu Ltd. uses the cost recovery method.
   (b) Prepare journal entries for each year under the books of Milu Ltd.

   English: Under Cost Recovery Method, compute realized gross profit and prepare journal entries for 2020, 2021, and 2022.

4. ১৩। Nihaj Company leases an automobile with a fair value of Tk. 10,906 from Shamrat Motors Inc on the following terms:
   (i) Non-cancelable term of 50 months.
   (ii) Rental of Tk. 250 per month (at end of each month). (The present value at 1% per month is Tk. 9,800.)
   (iii) Estimated residual value after 50 months is Tk. 1,180. (The present value at 1% per month is Tk. 715.) Nihaj Company guarantees the residual value of Tk. 1,180.
   (iv) Estimated economic life of the automobile is 60 months.
   (v) Nihaj Company's incremental borrowing rate is 12% a year (1% a month). Shamrat's implicit rate is unknown.
   Required:
   (a) What is the nature of this lease to Nihaj Company?
   (b) What is the present value of the minimum lease payments?
   (c) Record the lease on Nihaj Company's books at the date of inception.
   (d) Record the first month's depreciation on Nihaj Company's books (assume straight line).
   (e) Record the first month's lease payment.

   English: Evaluate lease criteria and prepare journal entries for Nihaj Company (lessee).

5. ১৪। Saiful Inc had the following condensed balance sheet at the end of operations for 2022:
   Cash 8,500; Current assets other than cash 29,000; Investments 20,000; Plant assets (net) 67,500; Land 40,000. Total = 1,65,000.
   Current liabilities 15,000; Long term notes payable 25,500; Bonds payable 25,000; Common stock 75,000; Retained earnings 24,500. Total = 1,65,000.
   During 2023, the following transactions had been occurred:
   (i) A tract of land was purchased for Tk. 11,000.
   (ii) Bonds payable in the amount of Tk. 20,000 were retired at par.
   (iii) An additional Tk. 10,000 in common stock was issued at par.
   (iv) Dividends totaling Tk. 9,375 were paid to stockholders.
   (v) Net income was Tk. 30,250 after deducting depreciation of Tk. 13,500.
   (vi) Land was purchased through the issuance of Tk. 22,500 in bonds.
   (vii) Saiful Inc. sold part of its investment portfolio for Tk. 12,875. This transaction resulted in a gain of Tk. 2,000 for the company. The company classifies the investments as available-for-sale.
   (viii) Both current assets (other than cash) and current liabilities remained at the same amount.
   Required: Prepare a statement of cash flows for 2023 using the indirect method.

   English: Prepare a statement of cash flows for Saiful Inc for 2023 using the indirect method.

6. ১৫। Mr. Rahman is adjudicated bankrupt. He supplied you the following trial balance on 31 st December, 2023:
   Cash in hand 2,000 Dr; Cash at bank 18,000 Dr; Inventory (Estimated to realize 125%) 8,00,000 Dr; Furniture (Estimated to realize 80%) 1,20,000 Dr; Prepaid insurance 20,000 Dr; Book debts (Good: Bad: 1:2) 80,000 Dr; Drawings 6,00,000 Dr; Loss through betting 2,00,000 Dr; Trading loss 60,000 Dr; Fictitious assets 1,00,000 Dr. Total = 20,00,000 Dr.
   Creditors for goods 7,00,000 Cr; Creditors (lien on 50% of book value of inventory) 4,80,000 Cr; Notes payable 1,30,000 Cr; Tax payable 22,000 Cr; Wages payable (6 workers for 10 months) 18,000 Cr; Capital 6,50,000 Cr. Total = 20,00,000 Cr.
   Required: (a) Statement of affairs; (b) Deficiency account.

   English: Prepare Statement of Affairs and Deficiency Account for Mr. Rahman as on 31st December, 2023.

7. ১৬। Listed below are the various types of accounting changes and errors:
   (i) Change from FIFO to average cost inventory method.
   (ii) Change due to overstatement of inventory.
   (iii) Change from sum-of-the-year's digits to straight line method of depreciation.
   (iv) Change from presenting unconsolidated to consolidated financial statements.
   (v) Change from LIFO to FIFO inventory method.
   (vi) Change in the rate used to compute warranty costs.
   (vii) Change from an unacceptable accounting principle to an acceptable accounting principle.
   (viii) Change in patent's amortization period.
   (ix) Change from completed contract to percentage of completion method on construction contracts.
   (x) Change in plant asset's salvage value.
   Required: For each change or error, indicate how it would be accounted for using the following code letters:
   (a) Accounted for prospectively.
   (b) Accounted for retrospectively.
   (c) Neither of the above.

   English: Classify 10 accounting changes and errors into prospective, retrospective, or neither under IAS 8 / US GAAP.

8. ১৭। The following trial balance of Manha Ltd. as on 31 st December 2023:
   Issued capital (4,000 shares of Tk. 10 each): 40,000 Cr; Inventories: 3,000 Dr; Purchase: 1,70,000 Dr; Sales: 2,80,000 Cr; Rent expense: 4,200 Dr; Salaries expense: 14,000 Dr; Investment: 20,000 Dr; Investment income (after deduction 20% tax): 6,200 Cr; Accounts receivable: 1,80,000 Dr; Accounts payable: 30,000 Cr; Cash: 15,000 Dr; Tax provision: 20,000 Cr; Notes receivables: 50,000 Dr; Retained earnings (01-01-2023): 1,70,000 Cr; General reserve: 30,000 Cr; Plant: 1,55,000 Dr; Dividend equalization fund: 35,000 Cr. Total = Tk. 6,11,200.
   Other data:
   (a) Inventories as on December 31, 2023 was Tk. 34,000.
   (b) Taxation provision is to be increased to Tk. 25,000.
   (c) Notes receivable includes a note receivable of Tk. 1,500 for which the party is unable to make payment. It is expected that 50% of the value of the note is irrecoverable.
   (d) General reserve is to be raised to Tk. 39,000.
   (e) Dividend proposed @ 15%.
   (f) Transfer Tk. 12,000 to dividend equalization fund.
   Required: (i) Statement of comprehensive income; (ii) Statement of changes in equity; (iii) Statement of financial position as at 31-12-2023.

   English: Prepare financial statements for Manha Ltd. as on 31st December 2023: Comprehensive income, Statement of changes in equity, and Financial position.

২০২৪ সালের প্রশ্ন

ক-বিভাগ: অতিসংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ১ (ক)। কর্পোরেট মূলধন কী?

   English: What is corporate capital?

2. ১ (খ)। আর্থিক বিবরণী কী?

   English: What is financial statement?

3. ১ (গ)। নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণী কী?

   English: What is cash flow statement?

4. ১ (ঘ)। মূলধন ইজারা কী?

   English: What is capital lease?

5. ১ (ঙ)। পূর্ণরূপ লেখ: NOPAT.

   English: Elaborate: NOPAT.

6. ১ (চ)। নগদ সমতুল্য কী?

   English: What is cash equivalent?

7. ১ (ছ)। অবলুপ্তিমূলক লভ্যাংশ কী?

   English: What is a liquidating dividend?

8. ১ (জ)। মার্জিন কী?

   English: What is margin?

9. ১ (ঝ)। অতীতের প্রতিবেদনসমূহের পরিবর্তন অ্যাপ্রোচটি কী?

   English: What is report changes retrospectively approach?

10. ১ (ঞ)। রাজস্ব সনাক্তকরণ কী?

    English: What is revenue recognition?

11. ১ (ট)। বাট্টাকৃত বিলের দায় কী?

    English: What is 'Liability of a discounted bill'?

12. ১ (ঠ)। অন্তর্বর্তীকালীন লভ্যাংশ কী?

    English: What is interim dividend?

খ-বিভাগ: সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন

1. ২। হিসাব পরিবর্তনের প্রভাব কত প্রকার ও কী কী? ব্যাখ্যা কর।

   English: What are the effects of accounting changes? Explain.

2. ৩। নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণী প্রস্তুতের ক্ষেত্রে অনগদ বিনিয়োগ এবং অর্থায়ন কার্যাবলির চারটি লেনদেন লেখ।

   English: Write four transactions of non-cash investment and financing activities in the preparation of a cash flow statement.

3. ৪। ইজারা চুক্তির বৈশিষ্ট্যগুলো আলোচনা কর।

   English: Discuss the features of lease.

4. ৫। Zahin Mines Limited issued a dividend to its shareholders of Tk. 25,00,000. The cash dividend announcement noted that shareholders should consider Tk. 18,00,000 as income and the remainder a return of capital. How does Zahin Mines Limited record the dividend?

   English: How does Zahin Mines Limited record the liquidating dividend of Tk. 25,00,000?

5. ৬। Rima Company sold its new product for Tk. 7,00,000 on 01-07-2023 and retains only an insignificant risk of ownership. On 10-08-2023 product for Tk. 30,000 was returned. At 31-12-2023, based on previous experience, Rima company estimates returns as 4% on remaining balance. What will be the accounting treatment?

   English: What will be the accounting treatment for Rima Company regarding product sale with right of return, actual returns, and estimated year-end returns?

6. ৭। Nazif Limited Company purchased from its stock holders 5,000 shares of its own previously issued stock for Tk. 2,60,000. It later resold 2,000 shares for Tk. 56 per share, then 2,000 shares for Tk. 49 per share and finally 1,000 shares for Tk. 42 per share.
   Required: Prepare journal entries for the purchase of the treasury stock and three sales of treasury stock.

   English: Prepare journal entries for the purchase and three subsequent resales of treasury stock under the cost method.

7. ৮। G.P. Ltd. recorded a capital lease at Tk. 2,00,000 on January 1, 2024. The interest rate is 12%. G.P. Ltd. made the first lease payment of Tk. 35,947 on January 1, 2024. The lease requires eight annual payments. The equipment has a useful life of 8 years with no salvage value. Prepare G.P. Ltd's December 31, 2024 adjusting entries.

   English: Prepare G.P. Ltd's December 31, 2024 adjusting entries for capital lease (interest accrual and depreciation).

8. ৯। You are given the following data:
   Sales: Tk. 30,00,000; Invested capital: Tk. 12,00,000; Net income: Tk. 1,50,000.
   Compute the following:
   (a) Turnover of capital/turnover.
   (b) Return on sales/margin.
   (c) Return on investment (ROI).

   English: Compute (a) Turnover of capital, (b) Return on sales/margin, and (c) Return on investment (ROI).

গ-বিভাগ: রচনামূলক প্রশ্ন

1. ১০। Aman Ltd. reported the following amounts in the stock holder equity section of its December 31, 2022, balance sheet:
   Common stock, Tk. 5 par (1,00,000 shares authorized, 20,000 shares issued): Tk. 1,00,000; Additional paid in capital: Tk. 1,25,000; Retained earnings: Tk. 4,50,000. Total = Tk. 6,75,000.
   During 2023, Aman Ltd. took part in the following transactions concerning stock holders equity:
   (i) Purchased 1,700 shares of its outstanding common stock for Tk. 40 per share. Aman Ltd. uses cost method.
   (ii) Reissued 700 treasury shares at Tk. 30 per share.
   (iii) Declared a 10% stock dividend on the outstanding common stock when the stock is selling for Tk. 45 per share.
   (iv) Issued the stock dividend.
   (v) Declared the annual 2023, Tk. 2 per share dividend on common stock. These dividends are payable in 2024.
   Required:
   (a) Prepare journal entries to record the transactions described above.
   (b) Prepare the December 31, 2023, stockholders equity section. Assume 2023, net income was Tk. 3,30,000.

   English: Prepare journal entries for stockholders' equity transactions and the ending stockholders' equity section as of December 31, 2023.

2. ১১। The following is the trial balance of Rafi Ltd. on 31-12-2023:
   Capital: 3,000 shares of Tk. 10 each: 30,000 Cr; Inventory (1-1-2023): 10,000 Dr; General expenses: 4,000 Dr; Wages: 6,000 Dr; Purchase: 25,000 Dr; Sales: 70,000 Cr; Prepaid insurance: 15,000 Dr; General reserve: 8,000 Cr; Building: 50,000 Dr; Accounts receivable: 15,000 Dr; Accounts payable: 5,000 Cr; Carriage outward: 2,000 Dr; Cash in hand: 17,000 Dr; Salary (80%): 8,000 Dr; 5% loan (31-12-2023): 24,000 Cr; Retained earnings: 20,000 Cr; Sales discount: 5,000 Dr. Total = Tk. 1,57,000.
   Adjustments:
   (a) Ending inventory valued Tk. 16,000.
   (b) Create a reserve for bad debt at 5% on accounts receivable.
   (c) Directors declared dividend at 10%.
   (d) Prepaid insurance was paid for period from 1 April 2023 to 31 March 2024.
   (e) Unused supplies Tk. 2,000 are included in general expenses.
   Required:
   (i) Prepare an income statement.
   (ii) Prepare a balance sheet at 31-12-2023.

   English: Prepare Income Statement and Balance Sheet for Rafi Ltd. as on 31-12-2023.

3. ১২। (ক) নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণীর উদ্দেশ্যসমূহ বর্ণনা কর।
   (খ) নগদান বই এবং নগদ প্রবাহ বিবরণীর পার্থক্য লেখ।

   English: (a) Describe objectives of statement of cash flows.
   (b) Distinguish between cash book and statement of cash flows.

4. ১৩। Rupa Ltd. appropriately uses the installment sales method of accounting to recognize income in its financial statements. The following information is available for 2022 and 2023:
   – Installment sales: 2022: Tk. 10,00,000; 2023: Tk. 12,00,000
   – Cost of installment sales: 2022: Tk. 7,30,000; 2023: Tk. 8,00,000
   – Cash collections on 2022 sales: in 2022: Tk. 4,00,000; in 2023: Tk. 3,50,000
   – Cash collections on 2023 sales: in 2023: Tk. 4,50,000
   Instructions:
   (a) Compute the amount of realized gross profit recognized in each year.
   (b) Prepare all journal entries required in 2023.

   English: Compute realized gross profit for 2022 and 2023 and prepare all journal entries required in 2023 under installment sales method.

5. ১৪। General Leasing Company signs a lease agreement on January 1, 2022 to lease electronic equipment to Western Ltd. The term of the lease is 2 years and payments are required at the end of each year. The following information relates to this agreement:
   (i) Western Ltd. has the option to purchase the equipment for Tk. 16,000 upon termination of the lease.
   (ii) The equipment has a cost and fair value of Tk. 1,60,000 to General Leasing Company. The useful life is 2 years with a salvage value of Tk. 16,000.
   (iii) Western Ltd. is required to pay Tk. 5,000 each year to the lessor for executory costs.
   (iv) General Leasing Company desires to earn a return of 10% on its investment.
   (v) Collectability of the payments is reasonably predictable and there are no important uncertainties surrounding the costs yet to be incurred by the lessor.
   Required:
   (a) Prepare journal entries on the books of General Leasing Company for the years 2022 and 2023.
   (b) Assuming that Western Ltd. exercises its option to purchase the equipment on December 31, 2023, prepare the journal entry to reflect the sale on General Leasing Company's book.

   English: Prepare journal entries for lessor (General Leasing Company) under Direct Financing Lease for 2022, 2023, and exercise of purchase option.

6. ১৫। Alfa Ltd. purchased a machine on 01-01-2020 for Tk. 14,40,000. At that time it was estimated that the machine would have a 10 year life and no salvage value. On 31-12-2023 it is found that the entry for depreciation expenses had been omitted in 2021. In addition, management has informed the accountant that the company plans to switch to straight line method starting from 2023. At present, the company uses the sum of the years digits method.
   Required: Pass entries for omission of depreciation and changes method.

   English: Pass entries for omission of 2021 depreciation and change from SYD to straight-line method starting from 2023 for Alfa Ltd.

7. ১৬। Selected sales and operating data for three division are given below:
   – Division A: Sales Tk. 12,000; Average operating assets Tk. 3,000; Net operating income Tk. 600; Normal rate of return 14%.
   – Division B: Sales Tk. 14,000; Average operating assets Tk. 7,000; Net operating income Tk. 560; Normal rate of return 10%.
   – Division C: Sales Tk. 25,000; Average operating assets Tk. 5,000; Net operating income Tk. 800; Normal rate of return 16%.
   Required:
   (a) Compute ROI for each division using margin and turnover.
   (b) Compute the residual income for each division.
   (c) Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 15% rate of returns. Which division or divisions will probably accept the opportunity? Why?

   English: Compute ROI, Residual Income, and evaluate the 15% investment opportunity for three divisions.

8. ১৭। Mr. Khan is insolvent and supplies the following information as on 31 December 2023:
   – Accounts payable of which Tk. 2,00,000 was secured against inventory: 7,25,000
   – Bank loan (Secured by a loan on building): 2,25,000
   – Unpaid salary to employees (For one month): 6,000
   – Income tax and property tax payable: 15,000
   – Cash in hand: 2,500
   – Furniture (Expected to realize Tk. 45,000): 80,000
   – Inventory (Expected to realize 50%): 6,00,000
   – Building (Expected to realize Tk. 1,50,000): 2,00,000
   – Book debt (Expected to realize 50%): 2,22,000
   – Notes receivable (Expected to realize 40%): 67,000
   – Loan from his wife: 1,00,000
   – Bills discounted (40% bad): 90,000
   Mr. Khan started business 5 years ago with a capital of Tk. 1,00,000. During 5 years his business earned a profit of Tk. 50,500 and he withdraw Tk. 10,000 per year personal expenses.
   Prepare the statement of affairs and deficiency account of Mr. Khan.

   English: Prepare Statement of Affairs and Deficiency Account for Mr. Khan as on 31 December 2023.

পরীক্ষার মানবণ্টন

জাতীয় বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় অনার্স ৩য় বর্ষের লিখিত পরীক্ষা মোট ৮০ নম্বরে হয়, বাকি ২০ নম্বর ইনকোর্স ও উপস্থিতির:

সর্বমোট লিখিত পরীক্ষা = ৮০ নম্বর; ইনকোর্স ও ক্লাস উপস্থিতি = ২০ নম্বর; মোট = ১০০ নম্বর।

অ্যাডভান্সড অ্যাকাউন্টিং-১ (বিষয় কোড ২৩২৫০৩) পরীক্ষাও একই কাঠামোতে অনুষ্ঠিত হয়।

অ্যাডভান্সড অ্যাকাউন্টিং-১ সাজেশন সম্পর্কে প্রশ্নোত্তর

এই সাজেশনে মোট কয়টি প্রশ্ন আছে?

মোট ৪৮৮টি প্রশ্ন আছে — ৭টি অধ্যায়ের ৩২০টি প্রশ্ন এবং ২০১৯ থেকে ২০২৪ সালের বোর্ড প্রশ্ন ১৬৮টি।

প্রশ্নগুলোর উত্তর কোথায় পাব?

পোস্টে শুধু প্রশ্ন দেওয়া হয়েছে। সব প্রশ্নের উত্তর একসঙ্গে PDF-এ আছে — পোস্টের প্রথম সেকশনের লিংক বা একদম শেষের Read Online বাটন থেকে অনলাইনে পড়া যাবে।

অ্যাডভান্সড অ্যাকাউন্টিং-১ পরীক্ষার মানবণ্টন কেমন?

লিখিত পরীক্ষা ৮০ নম্বরের: ক-বিভাগ ১০, খ-বিভাগ ২০, গ-বিভাগ ৫০। বাকি ২০ নম্বর ইনকোর্স ও ক্লাস উপস্থিতির।

অ্যাডভান্সড অ্যাকাউন্টিং-১ বিষয়ের কোড কত?

বিষয় কোড ২৩২৫০৩।

PDF কি ডাউনলোড করা যাবে?

না, PDF শুধু অনলাইনে পড়া যাবে (Read Online)। ডাউনলোড, প্রিন্ট ও কপি বন্ধ রাখা হয়েছে।

এই সাজেশনে কোন কোন অধ্যায় আছে?

৭টি অধ্যায়: শেয়ারহোল্ডারদের ইকুইটির হিসাবরক্ষণ, কোম্পানির আর্থিক বিবরণীসমূহ, আয় শনাক্তকরণ (আইএএস-১৮), ইজারা হিসাববিজ্ঞান, হিসাবের পরিবর্তন ও ভুলের বিশ্লেষণ (আইএএস-৮), অপারেটিং সেগমেন্ট (আইএফআরএস-৮) এবং দেউলিয়া সম্পর্কিত হিসাববিজ্ঞান।

আরও পড়ুন

অনার্স ৩য় বর্ষ নিরীক্ষা ও নিশ্চয়তা সাজেশন ২০২৬ উত্তরসহ PDF