SSC 2027 English Unseen Passage & Summary Suggestion | এসএসসি আনসিন প্যাসেজ ও সামারি রাইটিং

Unseen 01: Dear Moly (An Informal Letter on True Friendship & Literary Leisure)

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Dear Moly, I know it has been a long time since I last wrote to you. You will be glad to know that I have recently finished reading several inspirational books during the vacation. Reading books not only enriches our vocabulary but also broadens our outlook on life. Among them, a biography of Hellen Keller touched me deeply. Her struggle against blindness and deafness proves that determination can overcome any physical obstacle. I hope you are also spending your leisure productively with good literature. Please convey my best regards to your parents. Hope to hear from you soon. With love, Orin.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

In this informal letter, Orin reflects on the profound intellectual and emotional rewards of reading inspirational literature during vacations. Highlighting Helen Keller’s heroic triumph over physical disabilities, the writer emphasizes how determination conquers adversity. Furthermore, she encourages her friend Moly to cultivate reading habits productively to expand her knowledge and worldview.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Inspirational -> Uplifting; Determination -> Perseverance; Productively -> Fruitfully.

Unseen 02: Facebook and Modern Social Networking: Opportunities and Challenges

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Facebook is the leading social networking service that was launched in February 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates at Harvard University. Initially restricted to Harvard students, it gradually expanded to other universities and eventually to anyone worldwide aged 13 and older. Today, billions of active users interact on Facebook by sharing thoughts, photos, news links, and digital messages. Users can create profiles, join interest groups, and comment on their friends’ posts. While it has revolutionized global communication and digital commerce, excessive usage often leads to distraction among students and cyber security risks.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg at Harvard University, Facebook has evolved from an exclusive college platform into a dominant global social networking giant. It enables billions of individuals worldwide to exchange ideas, multimedia content, and commercial updates instantly. However, despite enhancing worldwide connectivity, unrestrained consumption poses significant productivity losses for learners and critical privacy concerns.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Revolutionized -> Transformed; Connectivity -> Global linkage; Distraction -> Loss of focus.

Unseen 03: Humayun Ahmed: Life and Literary Legacy of a Renaissance Storyteller

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Humayun Ahmed was a distinguished chemistry professor, novelist, dramatist, and filmmaker who revitalized contemporary Bengali literature. Born on 13 November 1948 in Kutubpur, Netrokona, he achieved his PhD in chemistry from North Dakota State University. His debut novel ‘Nondito Noroke’ (1972) brought him immediate fame. He authored over two hundred fiction and non-fiction books, captivating generations of readers through iconic characters like Himu and Misir Ali. As a filmmaker, his masterpieces including ‘Aguner Poroshmoni’ and ‘Srabon Megher Din’ earned multiple National Film Awards. He breathed his last on 19 July 2012 in New York and was buried in his beloved Nuhash Palli.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Humayun Ahmed (1948–2012) was a multifaceted Bangladeshi professor, literary maestro, and acclaimed filmmaker. Beginning with ‘Nondito Noroke’, his engaging storytelling and memorable fictional archetypes mesmerized millions of readers across decades. Furthermore, his cinematic ventures on the 1971 Liberation War earned national laurels, sealing his indelible status in the cultural heritage of Bangladesh.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Multifaceted -> Versatile; Maestro -> Master craftsman; Indelible -> Enduring.

Unseen 04: Mughal Emperor Humayun: Triumph, Exile, and the Restoration of the Empire

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Humayun was the eldest son of Emperor Babur, the founder of the Mughal dynasty in India. Ascending the throne in 1530 at Agra, Humayun faced immense internal rivalry from his ambitious brothers and severe external threats from Afghan leaders. His most formidable adversary was Sher Shah Suri, who decisively defeated Humayun in the battles of Chausa (1539) and Kannauj (1540). Consequently, Humayun was driven into exile and took refuge in Persia. With the diplomatic and military backing of the Persian Shah Tahmasp, he recaptured Kabul and eventually re-established Mughal sovereignty over Delhi and Agra in 1555. However, he died shortly after in 1556 from a tragic library fall.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Emperor Humayun inherited the Mughal throne in 1530 but suffered devastating military setbacks against Afghan leader Sher Shah Suri, forcing him into a fifteen-year exile in Persia. Demonstrating remarkable resilience, he secured Persian allied support, reconquered Kabul, and triumphantly reclaimed the throne of Delhi in 1555. His perseverance paved the way for the golden era of the Mughal Empire under Akbar.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Ascended -> Assumed reign; Adversary -> Opponent; Resilience -> Tenacity.

Unseen 05: Interpol: The International Criminal Police Organization and Global Justice

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Interpol, officially known as the International Criminal Police Organization, is the world’s largest intergovernmental police network. Established in 1923 at the International Police Congress in Vienna, its primary mission is to facilitate cross-border police cooperation to combat transnational crime, terrorism, human trafficking, and cyber offences. Headquartered in Lyon, France, Interpol operates National Central Bureaus (NCBs) in nearly two hundred member states. It does not possess executive arrest powers; rather, it issues Red Notices to alert law enforcement worldwide regarding wanted fugitives. In 1956, it adopted its modern constitution and official designation.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Interpol, established in Vienna in 1923 and headquartered in Lyon, is the premier intergovernmental organization coordinating international police efforts against transnational criminality. Connecting almost two hundred nations, it assists global law enforcement agencies by sharing intelligence and circulating Red Notices for fugitives. It functions as a vital cooperative bridge ensuring worldwide safety without infringing on state sovereignties.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Transnational -> Cross-border; Fugitives -> Wanted escapees; Intergovernmental -> Multi-nation.

Unseen 06: Bir Shrestha Captain Mohiuddin Jahangir: The Hero of Chapainawabganj

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Captain Mohiuddin Jahangir was one of the seven great martyrs honored with the highest gallantry award ‘Bir Shrestha’. Born on 7 March 1949 at Rahimganj in Barishal, he joined the Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers in 1967. When the Liberation War commenced in 1971, he was posted in West Pakistan. Braving grave danger, he escaped across the border to join Sector 7 of the Mukti Bahini in the Rajshahi sector. He led numerous audacious raids against Pakistani entrenched positions. On 14 December 1971, just two days before final victory, he was martyred while leading a frontal assault across the Mahananda River in Chapainawabganj. He was laid to rest beside the historic Choto Sona Mosque.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Bir Shrestha Captain Mohiuddin Jahangir (1949–1971) was a legendary freedom fighter who defected from the Pakistan Army to command daring guerrilla operations in Sector 7 during the 1971 Liberation War. Displaying matchless courage, he spearheaded a decisive offensive across the Mahananda River on 14 December 1971 and made the supreme sacrifice. His unyielding patriotism remains an immortal beacon of national heroism.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Gallantry -> Supreme valour; Audacious -> Daring; Defected -> Broke allegiance.

Unseen 07: Munier Chowdhury: Martyred Intellectual, Visionary Dramatist and Linguist

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Munier Chowdhury was an eminent Bangladeshi dramatist, literary critic, and martyred intellectual. Born on 27 November 1925 in Manikganj, he completed his higher education in English and Bengali at Dhaka University and Harvard University. A valiant participant in the Language Movement, he was incarcerated in 1952, during which he wrote his historic allegorical play ‘Kabor’ (The Grave). He also engineered the ‘Munier Optima Keyboard’, revolutionizing Bengali typewriter technology. On 14 December 1971, on the eve of national independence, he was abducted from his residence by the Al-Badr militia and brutally martyred at Rayerbazar killing grounds.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Munier Chowdhury (1925–1971) was a towering Bengali playwright, linguistic reformer, and passionate advocate of linguistic autonomy who penned the masterpiece ‘Kabor’ during imprisonment for the Language Movement. His invention of the Optima keyboard modernized Bengali writing mechanization. Tragic victim of the targeted intellectual massacre on 14 December 1971, his progressive ideals remain immortal.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Incarcerated -> Imprisoned; Allegorical -> Symbolic; Autonomous -> Self-governing.

Unseen 08: Bir Shrestha Munshi Abdur Rouf: Indomitable Valour at Burighat

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Munshi Abdur Rouf was an iconic hero of Bangladesh’s Liberation War who was posthumously decorated with ‘Bir Shrestha’. Born on 1 May 1943 at Salamatpur in Faridpur, he joined the East Pakistan Rifles (EPR) in 1963. In April 1971, during the early weeks of the war, his unit was assigned to guard the strategic waterway at Burighat in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. When heavily armed Pakistani troops attacked their defensive positions with gunboats and mortars on 8 April 1971, Rouf single-handedly manned a machine gun, drawing enemy fire onto himself to enable his hundred comrades to retreat to safety. He was martyred by a mortar shell.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Bir Shrestha Munshi Abdur Rouf demonstrated extraordinary heroism during the 1971 Liberation War at Burighat in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. Facing overwhelming enemy gunboats on 8 April 1971, he valiantly engaged the opposing forces single-handedly with a machine gun, sacrificing his life so that over a hundred comrades could withdraw safely. His unselfish martyrdom epitomizes supreme military bravery.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Single-handedly -> Unassisted; Retreat -> Strategic withdrawal; Epitomizes -> Personifies.

Unseen 09: Louis Pasteur: Pioneer of Microbiology and the Saviour of Lives

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Louis Pasteur was a distinguished French chemist and microbiologist whose discoveries fundamentally transformed modern medicine and public health. Born on 27 December 1822 in Dole, France, he proved that microorganisms cause fermentation and disease, disproving the prevailing theory of spontaneous generation. He invented the process known as pasteurization, which kills harmful microbes in milk and wine by gentle heating. Pasteur later developed groundbreaking vaccines against anthrax, chicken cholera, and rabies. In 1885, he successfully saved a boy bitten by a rabid dog using his rabies vaccine. He passed away on 28 September 1895 at the age of 72.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Louis Pasteur (1822–1895) was a seminal French microbiologist whose germ theory revolutionized medical science and sanitation. By developing pasteurization to eliminate pathogenic bacteria and pioneering vaccines for anthrax and rabies, he saved countless lives across the globe. His scientific breakthroughs laid the bedrock of modern immunology and preventive healthcare.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Fermentation -> Biochemical breakdown; Pathogenic -> Disease-causing; Seminal -> Highly influential.

Unseen 10: Education: The Catalyst for Socio-Economic Transformation and Poverty Alleviation

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Education plays an indispensable role in the socio-economic advancement of any nation. It enlightens the human mind, fosters rational thinking, and equips individuals with essential vocational and technological skills. In developing societies like Bangladesh, widespread literacy directly contributes to the eradication of poverty by enhancing employability and entrepreneurship. Educated citizens make informed choices regarding healthcare, civic responsibilities, and environmental sustainability. Moreover, female education has demonstrated unprecedented positive effects on reducing maternal mortality and boosting household earnings. Therefore, investing in inclusive and quality education is the most effective tool for sustainable national development.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Education serves as the cornerstone of national progress, illuminating human intellect and cultivating technical competence. By empowering individuals with job skills and rational judgment, it directly alleviates poverty, improves public health awareness, and drives economic productivity. In particular, educating women yields profound familial and societal benefits, rendering educational investment vital for sustainable growth.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Indispensable -> Crucial; Alleviates -> Diminishes; Competence -> Capability.

Unseen 11: Jibanananda Das: The Solitary Poet of Ruposhi Bangla and Modern Consciousness

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Jibanananda Das was one of the foremost modernist poets in twentieth-century Bengali literature, celebrated as the ‘Poet of Beautiful Bengal’ (Ruposhi Bangla). Born on 17 February 1899 in Barishal, he studied English literature at Presidency College, Kolkata, and taught at various institutions. Unlike his contemporaries, Das expressed a deeply introspective and melancholic connection with nature, employing haunting rural imagery, lush foliage, and historical allusions. His iconic poems, including ‘Banalata Sen’, ‘Dhushor Pandulipi’, and ‘Banalata Sen’, introduced surrealist and existential dimensions to Bengali poetry. He was struck by a tram in Kolkata and died on 22 October 1954.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Jibanananda Das (1899–1954) was a preeminent modernist Bengali poet renowned for his poignant nature imagery and existential contemplation. Immortalizing the pastoral splendour of Bengal in collections like ‘Ruposhi Bangla’ and ‘Banalata Sen’, he introduced novel surrealist metaphors into Bengali verse. His unique poetic voice captured both the sublime beauty of the rural landscape and modern human alienation.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Preeminent -> Foremost; Poignant -> Emotionally moving; Splendour -> Magnificent beauty.

Unseen 12: Prophet Muhammad (Sm): Life, Sublime Character and Universal Teachings

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Hazrat Muhammad (Sm) is the last and greatest prophet of Islam, whose life exemplifies supreme integrity, justice, and compassion. Born in 570 CE in Makkah into the noble Quraish tribe, he was orphaned in early childhood. Known throughout Arabia as ‘Al-Amin’ (The Trustworthy) for his immaculate honesty, he received divine revelation at the age of forty in the Cave of Hira. Facing persecution from Makkan pagans, he migrated to Madinah in 622 CE (The Hijrah), where he established a model welfare state based on the Charter of Madinah. He championed human equality, women’s rights, and racial harmony until his demise in 632 CE.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Prophet Muhammad (Sm) (570–632 CE) transformed human society through an unblemished character grounded in truthfulness, justice, and universal mercy. Receiving divine prophethood at forty, he endured severe hardships before establishing the pioneering democratic commonwealth in Madinah. His teachings dismantled racial stratification, protected minority liberties, and laid timeless moral codes for humanity.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Unblemished -> Pure and flawless; Prophethood -> Divine mission; Stratification -> Social division.

Unseen 13: Liberation War of Bangladesh: The Sacred Heritage of Victory Day (16 December)

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Bangladesh emerged as an independent sovereign nation through an epic nine-month armed struggle in 1971. Following the brutal genocide initiated on 25 March by the Pakistani occupation forces, the freedom-loving people of Bangladesh rallied under the inspiring leadership of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Mukti Bahini, composed of students, farmers, soldiers, and ordinary citizens, waged heroic guerrilla warfare across all sectors. Finally, on 16 December 1971, over ninety thousand Pakistani troops surrendered unconditionally at the historic Suhrawardy Udyan in Dhaka. Thus, 16 December is proudly celebrated as our glorious Victory Day, commemorating the supreme sacrifice of three million martyrs.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Bangladesh achieved national liberation in 1971 following a grueling nine-month war of independence against oppressive occupation forces. Led by the resolute spirit of Bangabandhu, courageous freedom fighters resisted tenaciously across the country until the historic surrender of Pakistani forces on 16 December 1971. Victory Day stands as an enduring symbol of boundless patriotism and ultimate sacrifice.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Sovereign -> Autonomous; Grueling -> Exhausting and demanding; Resolute -> Determined.

Unseen 14: Charles Babbage: The Visionary Father of the Modern Computing Era

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Charles Babbage was an illustrious English mathematician, philosopher, and mechanical engineer widely recognized as the ‘Father of the Computer’. Born on 26 December 1791 in London, he studied mathematics at Trinity College, Cambridge. Frustrated by pervasive human errors in manual mathematical tables, Babbage conceived the ‘Difference Engine’ in 1822 to automate complex calculations. Later, he conceptualized the revolutionary ‘Analytical Engine’, which incorporated an arithmetic logic unit, conditional branching, and memory storage using punch cards—features that mirror modern digital computers. Collaborating with Ada Lovelace, the first computer programmer, Babbage laid computing’s architectural foundation before his death on 18 October 1871.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Charles Babbage (1791–1871) was a pioneering English polymath who originated the core principles of programmable computing. Driven by a desire to eliminate manual calculation errors, he conceived the Difference Engine and the far more versatile Analytical Engine. His inclusion of memory, input, and processing units anticipated the foundational architecture of today’s digital computing age.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Polymath -> Multi-disciplinary genius; Versatile -> Adaptable; Anticipated -> Foretold.

Unseen 15: Dr. Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda: Eminent Chemist, Researcher and Educationist

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Dr. Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda was a preeminent Bengali chemist, educationist, and scientific visionary who championed indigenous research in undivided Bengal and Bangladesh. Born on 1 December 1900 in Birbhum, West Bengal, he obtained his Doctorate of Science from the University of London in 1929. He conducted groundbreaking research on natural products, extracting biochemical compounds from local herbs, jute, and molasses. Following national independence, Bangabandhu appointed him chairman of the National Education Commission in 1972, which drafted a modern scientific curriculum known as the ‘Qudrat-i-Khuda Education Commission Report’. He was awarded the Ekushey Padak in 1976 and Independence Award in 1984.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Dr. Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda (1900–1977) was a distinguished chemist who dedicated his career to applying scientific innovation to domestic agricultural products like jute and medicinal plants. Appointed in 1972 by Bangabandhu to direct the National Education Commission, he formulated a progressive, secular, and science-oriented educational roadmap for the newly independent nation.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Indigenous -> Native/local; Formulated -> Devised; Progressive -> Forward-looking.

Unseen 16: Tourism in Bangladesh: Natural Wonders, Heritage Sites and Economic Prospects

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Tourism in Bangladesh is an expanding economic sector blessed with an extraordinary blend of natural wonders and historical architecture. The country boasts Cox’s Bazar, the longest unbroken natural sea beach in the world, stretching over 120 kilometers along the Bay of Bengal. In the southwest lies the Sundarbans, the world’s largest mangrove forest and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, home to the Royal Bengal Tiger and diverse wildlife. In addition, archaeological jewels like the sixty-domed Shat Gombuj Mosque in Bagerhat, Buddhist Viharas in Paharpur, and tea gardens in Sylhet attract local and global travellers. Modernizing infrastructure and eco-friendly hospitality can establish tourism as a premier foreign exchange earner.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Bangladesh possesses tremendous tourism potential, ranging from Cox’s Bazar’s expansive sandy coastline to the biodiverse mangrove labyrinths of the Sundarbans. Furthermore, historic UNESCO sites like Bagerhat’s Shat Gombuj Mosque and Paharpur’s Buddhist monuments showcase centuries of rich cultural heritage. Upgrading transport infrastructure and promoting sustainable eco-tourism will substantially accelerate national foreign currency earnings.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Biodiverse -> Ecologically varied; Expansive -> Vast; Substantially -> Significantly.

Unseen 17: Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose: Pioneer of Plant Physiology and Millimeter Radio Waves

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose was a legendary Bengali polymath who pioneered wireless telecommunication and plant physiology. Born on 30 November 1858 in Munshiganj, he obtained degrees from Cambridge University and the University of London. In 1895, Bose demonstrated the transmission of microwave radio waves in Kolkata, predating Guglielmo Marconi’s public experiments, yet he refused to patent his work, believing knowledge should benefit humanity freely. Later, he shifted focus to biophysics and invented the ‘Crescograph’, a delicate device capable of measuring microscopic plant growth. Through it, he demonstrated that plants possess responsive nervous systems and experience pain. He founded the Bose Institute in 1917.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose (1858–1937) was an extraordinary Bengali scientist whose investigations encompassed both physics and botanical physiology. After successfully demonstrating millimeter radio transmissions in 1895, he invented the Crescograph, conclusively proving that plants exhibit emotional and physiological responses to stimuli. His unselfish refusal to commercialize patents exemplifies true scientific idealism.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Polymath -> Multi-talented genius; Stimuli -> External impulses; Conclusively -> Decisively.

Unseen 18: Geography, Heritage and Economy of South Asia: The Bangladesh Context

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Bangladesh occupies a strategic geopolitical location in South Asia, nestled in the deltaic confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers. Bordered primarily by India, with Myanmar to the southeast and the Bay of Bengal to the south, the country features the world’s largest active delta. South Asian nations share deep historical, linguistic, and ecological affinities, while simultaneously managing common challenges like river water distribution, monsoon flooding, and climate change. Bangladesh has transformed its agrarian economy into a dynamic manufacturing hub, principally via ready-made garments (RMG) and remittance inflows, cementing vital bilateral trade ties across the region.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Situated across the fertile delta of major river systems, Bangladesh holds an essential geopolitical position within South Asia. While confronting seasonal climate hazards alongside neighbouring countries, it has rapidly diversified from an agrarian base into an industrial apparel powerhouse. Expanding cross-border commerce and resource sharing remains fundamental to mutual regional prosperity.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Geopolitical -> Strategic regional; Confluence -> Junction of waters; Diversified -> Expanded.

Unseen 19: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam: The Missile Man, Inspirational Scientist and People’s President

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was an esteemed Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. Born on 15 October 1931 in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, into a modest boatman’s family, he funded his education through arduous paper distribution. Joining the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), he played a pivotal role in developing ballistic missiles like Agni and Prithvi, earning the sobriquet ‘Missile Man of India’. Renowned for his humility, vegetarian lifestyle, and passion for youth education, his autobiography ‘Wings of Fire’ inspired millions worldwide. He died while lecturing students on 27 July 2015.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam (1931–2015) rose from humble origins in Rameswaram to become India’s foremost aerospace scientist and 11th President. Renowned as the ‘Missile Man’ for spearheading indigenous space and defense programs, his life epitomized simplicity, dedication, and unyielding optimism. He devoted his presidency and post-tenure years to motivating young generations toward scientific pursuit and ethical nation-building.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Sobriquet -> Popular nickname; Epitomized -> Personified; Indigenous -> Domestically developed.

Unseen 20: Begum Sufia Kamal: Pioneering Poet, Social Reformer and Champion of Women’s Rights

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Begum Sufia Kamal was a revered Bangladeshi poet, pioneering social activist, and fearless champion of women’s emancipation. Born on 20 June 1911 in Shayestabad, Barishal, she was deprived of formal institutional schooling due to conservative societal conventions. Nevertheless, she mastered Bengali, English, and Urdu independently at home. Encouraged by Begum Rokeya and Rabindranath Tagore, she penned emotive verses celebrating nature, humanity, and social justice. Sufia Kamal actively participated in the 1952 Language Movement, the 1969 Mass Uprising, and the 1971 Liberation War. She founded the ‘Bangladesh Mahila Parishad’ to defend women’s dignity. She passed away on 20 November 1999.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Begum Sufia Kamal (1911–1999) overcame rigid social orthodoxies through domestic self-education to emerge as a prominent poet and women’s rights pioneer in Bangladesh. A courageous civic voice, she stood at the forefront of the Language Movement, democratic uprisings, and the 1971 Liberation War. Through the establishment of the Mahila Parishad, she created an enduring framework for female empowerment.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Emancipation -> Liberation; Orthodoxy -> Rigid conservatism; Venerable -> Deeply respected.

Unseen 21: The Nobel Prize and Wilhelm Röntgen’s Epochal Discovery of X-rays

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আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“The Nobel Prize is widely acknowledged as the world’s most prestigious intellectual accolade, established in accordance with the 1895 will of Swedish industrialist and dynamite inventor Alfred Nobel. Commencing in 1901, Nobel Prizes are conferred annually in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace (with Economics added in 1968). The very first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901 was awarded to German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen for his accidental discovery of X-rays in 1895. Röntgen observed mysterious fluorescent rays that could penetrate opaque paper and human flesh, capturing the iconic skeletal radiograph of his wife’s hand. He generously refused to patent X-rays so that medical diagnostics could flourish freely.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Inaugurated in 1901 pursuant to Alfred Nobel’s testamentary bequest, the Nobel Prizes celebrate transformative human accomplishments across science, literature, and peace. The premier Physics award honored Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen for his 1895 discovery of penetrating X-rays. Exemplifying profound scientific altruism, Röntgen declined commercial patents, thereby revolutionizing clinical radiology and diagnostic healthcare for worldwide humanity.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Accolade -> Esteemed recognition; Altruism -> Selfless philanthropy; Radiograph -> Photographic X-ray.

Unseen 22: Mount Everest: Hillary, Tenzing and the Conquest of the World’s Summit

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Mount Everest, standing majestically at 8,848.86 meters above sea level in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas, is the highest peak on Earth. Known as ‘Sagarmatha’ in Nepal and ‘Chomolungma’ in Tibet, its perilous altitude, treacherous icefalls, and biting sub-zero temperatures defeated numerous mountaineering expeditions for decades. However, on 29 May 1953, New Zealand climber Edmund Hillary and Nepali Sherpa Tenzing Norgay achieved the first verified summit climb via the South Col route. Reaching the peak at 11:30 AM, they spent fifteen memorable minutes taking photographs and offering sweets. Their historic ascent proved that human perseverance can master nature’s fiercest barriers.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Mount Everest, situated in the Himalayas as Earth’s loftiest summit, long resisted human exploration due to its lethal conditions and extreme cold. On 29 May 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay triumphed over the forbidding terrain, attaining the apex via the South Col. Their monumental feat demonstrated that discipline, meticulous preparation, and indomitable fortitude can conquer nature’s most daunting physical frontiers.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Loftiest -> Highest; Forbidding -> Hostile and menacing; Fortitude -> Mental courage.

Unseen 23: Sher-e-Bangla A.K. Fazlul Huq: Voice of the Peasants and Bengal Statesman

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Abul Kashem Fazlul Huq, universally acclaimed as ‘Sher-e-Bangla’ (The Tiger of Bengal), was an illustrious political statesman, orator, and advocate of the oppressed peasant masses. Born on 26 October 1873 in Saturia, Jhalokati, he earned degrees in mathematics, physics, and law with distinction. Founding the Krishak Proja Party, he championed peasant rights and served as the first Prime Minister of undivided Bengal in 1937. He enacted the revolutionary ‘Bengal Agricultural Debtors Act’ (1938), emancipating millions of poor peasants from the predatory clutches of moneylenders (Mahajans). A tireless education reformer, he established Islamia College in Kolkata and Eden Girls’ College in Dhaka. He passed away on 27 April 1962.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Sher-e-Bangla A.K. Fazlul Huq (1873–1962) was a legendary Bengali statesman and orator who dedicated his political leadership to emancipating marginalized agrarian tenants. As the premier of undivided Bengal, he instituted the landmark Agricultural Debtors Act, rescuing impoverished farmers from debt slavery. Furthermore, his establishment of premier colleges democratized higher education for underrepresented communities.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Emancipating -> Liberating; Marginalized -> Disadvantaged; Landmark -> Historic turning point.

Unseen 24: Hazrat Ali (R): Fourth Caliph of Islam, Exemplar of Wisdom and Chivalry

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আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Hazrat Ali (R) was the cousin, son-in-law, and close companion of Prophet Muhammad (Sm), as well as the fourth Rightly Guided Caliph of Islam. Born in Makkah inside the sacred Kaaba around 600 CE, he was the first youth to accept Islam at the dawn of revelation. Renowned for his fearless valor on the battlefield, he earned the title ‘Asadullah’ (The Lion of Allah) for his legendary prowess at the Battle of Khaybar. Equally celebrated for profound judicial intellect, Prophet Muhammad (Sm) proclaimed: ‘I am the city of knowledge, and Ali is its gate.’ Assuming the Caliphate in 656 CE, he governed with strict justice until his martyrdom on 21 Ramadan (27 January 661 CE) in Kufa.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Hazrat Ali (R) (600–661 CE) was an iconic figure in Islamic history revered for his unmatched physical bravery and deep philosophical wisdom. Embracing the faith in his boyhood, he defended the nascent Islamic community gallantly, most notably during the conquest of Khaybar. As the fourth Caliph, his rigorous adherence to social equity and legal scholarship left an indelible heritage of righteous governance.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Chivalry -> Noble valour; Nascent -> Newly emerging; Rigorous -> Strict and thorough.

Unseen 25: Cricket in Bangladesh: From ICC Trophy Triumph to Global Test Status

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Cricket is by far the most popular and passionately celebrated sport in Bangladesh, serving as a tremendous catalyst for national unity. Bangladesh entered the international cricket arena prominently by winning the ICC Trophy in Malaysia in 1997 under Akram Khan’s captaincy. This victory secured qualification for the 1999 Cricket World Cup in England, where Bangladesh stunned former champions Pakistan in a historic match. Acknowledging this remarkable trajectory, the International Cricket Council (ICC) granted Bangladesh full Test-playing status on 26 June 2000. Over subsequent decades, legendary cricketers like Shakib Al Hasan and Mashrafe Mortaza propelled the Tigers to memorable victories against all top Test nations.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Cricket has blossomed into Bangladesh’s foremost national sporting passion and a potent vehicle for civic solidarity. The monumental 1997 ICC Trophy victory in Malaysia heralded Bangladesh’s arrival, culminating in a sensational World Cup upset against Pakistan in 1999. Attaining prestigious Test status in 2000, Bangladesh evolved into a competitive international cricketing force capable of toppling elite world teams.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Solidarity -> Collective unity; Heralded -> Signaled; Toppling -> Defeating.

Unseen 26: Altaf Mahmud: Musical Maestro, Language Song Composer and Liberation Martyr

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Altaf Mahmud was a prominent Bangladeshi musician, cultural composer, and martyred freedom fighter. Born on 23 December 1933 in Patuakhali, he displayed innate musical genius from childhood and participated vigorously in progressive cultural struggles. In 1954, he composed the immortal musical tune for Abdul Gaffar Choudhury’s poem ‘Amar Bhaier Rokte Rangano Ekushey February’, which became the sacred anthem of the Bengali Language Movement. During the 1971 Liberation War, Mahmud’s Dhaka residence served as a secret arms depository and communication refuge for the daring urban guerrilla unit ‘Crack Platoon’. On 30 August 1971, Pakistani forces captured him; he was brutally tortured and executed.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Altaf Mahmud (1933–1971) was an inspirational Bengali composer who immortalized the Language Movement by setting ‘Amar Bhaier Rokte Rangano’ to its solemn, enduring musical tune in 1954. During the 1971 Liberation War, he courageously sheltered urban freedom fighters of the Crack Platoon and concealed weapons in his home. Captured and martyred by enemy forces, his artistic and patriotic legacy remains eternal.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Solemn -> Deeply reverent; Concealed -> Hid securely; Depository -> Storage facility.

Unseen 27: Dengue Fever: Epidemiology, Transmission Vector, and Preventive Measures

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Dengue fever is a severe viral infection transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female Aedes mosquitoes, principally Aedes aegypti. The virus proliferates in tropical and subtropical urban environments, especially following monsoon rains when stagnant water collects in flower pots, discarded tyres, and rooftop containers. Common symptoms include abrupt high fever, debilitating joint and muscle pain, severe headache, retro-orbital pain, and skin rashes. Severe cases can escalate into Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, characterized by precipitous platelet drops and internal bleeding. Because no universal antiviral drug exists, preventing mosquito breeding by draining standing water and using mosquito nets remains the most effective defense.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Dengue fever is a dangerous mosquito-borne viral malady prevalent in warm urban settings, disseminated primarily by Aedes mosquitoes breeding in clean stagnant water. Manifesting through intense fevers, muscular aches, and potential hemorrhagic crises, it poses substantial health hazards. In the absence of targeted pharmacological cures, meticulous environmental sanitation and the systematic eradication of standing water reservoirs constitute the primary shield.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Disseminated -> Spread widely; Malady -> Illness/disease; Meticulous -> Rigorously careful.

Unseen 28: The Historic Hijrah: The Migration from Makkah to Madinah (622 CE)

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“The Hijrah signifies the momentous migration of Prophet Muhammad (Sm) and his companions from Makkah to the city of Yathrib (subsequently renamed Madinah) in 622 CE. For over a decade, early Muslims in Makkah endured merciless ostracism, boycotts, and physical torture from the pagan Quraysh elite. When a sinister plot to assassinate the Prophet in his home was uncovered, he departed secretly with his loyal confidant Hazrat Abu Bakr (R), taking refuge in the Cave of Thawr. Reaching Yathrib safely, the Prophet was welcomed warmly by the Ansar (Helpers). This historic migration marks the inception of the Islamic Hijri calendar and laid the foundation for the first constitutional Islamic commonwealth.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

The Hijrah of 622 CE designates the strategic migration of Prophet Muhammad (Sm) and his persecuted followers from oppressive Makkah to the hospitable sanctuary of Madinah. Evading a coordinated assassination conspiracy with Hazrat Abu Bakr (R), he reached Madinah where the local Ansar welcomed them. This watershed event initiated the Islamic Hijri era and catalyzed the establishment of a sovereign, ethical commonwealth.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Momentous -> Highly significant; Sanctuary -> Safe haven; Watershed -> Pivotal turning point.

Unseen 29: Polli Kobi Jasimuddin: The Melodious Bard of Rural Bengal’s Soil and Soul

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Jasimuddin, reverently styled as ‘Polli Kobi’ (The Rural Poet), was a celebrated Bengali poet and folklorist who depicted the pastoral rhythms, passions, and sorrows of rural Bangladesh with unmatched lyricism. Born on 1 January 1903 in Tambulkhana, Faridpur, his iconic poem ‘Kabor’ (The Grave) was incorporated into the matriculation curriculum while he was still an undergraduate student at Calcutta University. His epic verse novel ‘Nakshi Kanthar Math’ (Field of the Embroidered Quilt), translated into English and numerous world languages, garnered international acclaim. Works like ‘Sojan Badiyar Ghat’ and ‘Rakhali’ reflect deep empathy for peasant life. He was posthumously honored with the Swadhinata Puraskar before his passing on 13 March 1976.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Polli Kobi Jasimuddin (1903–1976) captured the authentic rustic spirit of Bengal through melodic verse steeped in rural folklore and pastoral imagery. Gaining early prominence with ‘Kabor’, his magnum opus ‘Nakshi Kanthar Math’ attained global celebrity for its poignant dramatization of rural love and tragedy. His poetry remains a timeless mirror of Bangladesh’s village soul and agricultural civilization.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Rustic -> Rural/pastoral; Magnum opus -> Greatest masterpiece; Poignant -> Touchingly sad.

Unseen 30: Communal Harmony and Cultural Pluralism in Bangladesh: A Millennial Tradition

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Bangladesh is a land of inspiring communal harmony where diverse religious and ethnic communities have coexisted peacefully for centuries. Although Muslims constitute the majority, Hindus, Buddhists, Christians, and indigenous populations participate jointly in national celebrations. Festivals like Eid-ul-Fitr, Durga Puja, Buddha Purnima, and Christmas are marked by widespread interfaith greetings and mutual hospitality. The national secular ethos is succinctly captured in the Bengali adage: ‘Religion belongs to individuals, but festivals belong to all’ (Dhormo jaar jaar, utsob sobar). This enduring social cohesion has fortified Bangladesh against sectarian intolerance and remains a pillar of stability.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Bangladesh enjoys a rich millennial heritage of interfaith harmony, where people of Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist, and Christian backgrounds share social bonds harmoniously. Citizens actively exchange goodwill across distinct religious festivals, embodying the pluralistic ideal that cultural celebrations transcend sectarian lines. This profound communal solidarity serves as a foundational bulwark for national peace.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Pluralistic -> Diverse and inclusive; Bulwark -> Strong defensive wall; Coexistence -> Living together peacefully.

Unseen 31: Emperor Babur: Founder of the Mughal Empire and Renowned Memoirist

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur was the brilliant military commander and founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. Descended from both Timur and Genghis Khan, he was born on 14 February 1483 in the Fergana Valley (Uzbekistan). Inheriting Fergana at age twelve, he encountered repeated reversals before capturing Kabul in 1504. In 1526, invited by disaffected nobles, Babur marched into India and decisively routed Ibrahim Lodi’s massive army at the First Battle of Panipat through innovative artillery tactics. He subsequently vanquished Rana Sanga at Khanwa in 1527. Beyond warfare, Babur was an exquisite poet and diarist whose autobiography ‘Baburnama’ is praised as world-class literature. He died in 1530 at age 47.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Babur (1483–1530), a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan, established the Mughal dynasty in India following his decisive victory at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526. Employing superior cannon artillery, he dismantled the Delhi Sultanate and consolidated authority across northern India. Concurrently, his autobiographical memoir ‘Baburnama’ revealed him as an observant naturalist and refined man of letters.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Artillery -> Cannons and heavy weaponry; Consolidated -> Strengthened and united; Naturalist -> Observer of nature.

Unseen 32: William Wordsworth: The High Priest of Nature and Romantic English Poetry

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“William Wordsworth was the preeminent English Romantic poet who inaugurated the Romantic Age in English literature alongside Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Born on 7 April 1770 in Cockermouth, Cumberland, he developed an abiding spiritual communion with the picturesque landscapes of the English Lake District. In 1798, Wordsworth and Coleridge published ‘Lyrical Ballads’, introducing poetry written in the common language of ordinary men, which defined poetry as ‘the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings recollected in tranquility’. Celebrated as the ‘High Priest of Nature’, masterpieces like ‘The Solitary Reaper’, ‘Daffodils’, and ‘The Prelude’ view nature as a divine teacher and moral healer. He served as Poet Laureate until his death on 23 April 1850.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

William Wordsworth (1770–1850) sparked the English Romantic revival through his collaborative 1798 collection ‘Lyrical Ballads’. Championing vernacular diction and emotional spontaneity, he venerated nature not merely as scenery, but as a living spiritual mentor capable of soothing the human soul. His timeless verses elevate ordinary rural experiences into sublime philosophical reflections.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Vernacular -> Everyday native speech; Spontaneity -> Natural impulse; Venerated -> Deeply revered.

Unseen 33: Global Warming and Climate Crisis: Ecological Threats to Coastal Bangladesh

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Global warming represents the gradual increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature, driven primarily by human activities that emit greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. Indiscriminate industrial combustion, deforestation, and fossil fuel consumption trap thermal radiation inside the atmospheric blanket. Consequently, polar glaciers are melting at an alarming velocity, causing oceanic sea levels to rise. Low-lying riverine countries like Bangladesh are extraordinarily vulnerable; a projected one-meter rise in sea level could submerge nearly 17 percent of Bangladesh’s coastal land, displacing over thirty million climate refugees and salinizing freshwater aquifers. Transitioning to renewable solar and wind energy is therefore an urgent international imperative.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Global warming, induced by excessive fossil fuel emissions and widespread deforestation, poses an existential environmental crisis worldwide. As trapped greenhouse gases accelerate polar deglaciation, rising sea levels severely imperil low-lying deltaic territories such as coastal Bangladesh. Substantial land loss, agricultural salinization, and mass displacement necessitate swift international commitments to renewable green energy alternatives.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Deglaciation -> Melting of glaciers; Imperil -> Endanger; Salinization -> Salt intrusion.

Unseen 34: A.K. Fazlul Huq and the Historic Lahore Resolution of 1940

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“The Lahore Resolution of 1940 was a monumental turning point in the political destiny of the South Asian subcontinent. On 23 March 1940, at the annual general session of the All India Muslim League held at Minto Park in Lahore, Sher-e-Bangla A.K. Fazlul Huq, then the Premier of undivided Bengal, moved the historic resolution. The resolution formally demanded that geographically contiguous units in the northwestern and eastern zones of British India, where Muslims were numerically in a majority, should be grouped to constitute ‘Independent States’ in which the constituent units should be autonomous and sovereign. This principle laid the intellectual and political groundwork that eventually guided the trajectory toward the partition of India.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Moved by Sher-e-Bangla A.K. Fazlul Huq in Lahore on 23 March 1940, the Lahore Resolution constituted a watershed moment in anti-colonial subcontinental politics. It articulated a demand that Muslim-majority regions in northwestern and eastern India be constituted into autonomous and sovereign states. This foundational document fundamentally altered the political trajectory, culminating in the 1947 partition.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Contiguous -> Adjacent/connected; Autonomous -> Self-governing; Trajectory -> Path of evolution.

Unseen 35: The Taj Mahal: Monument of Eternal Love and Pinnacle of Mughal Architecture

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“The Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum located on the south bank of the Yamuna River in Agra, India, widely regarded as the finest jewel of Indo-Islamic architecture. It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan to house the tomb of his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died during childbirth. Incorporating Persian, Islamic, and Indian architectural motifs, the complex took over twenty years and twenty thousand artisans to complete, overseen by master architect Ustad Ahmad Lahori. The monument is renowned for its symmetrical perfection, central dome flanked by four minarets, and exquisite floral pietra dura stone inlays. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, it symbolizes enduring romantic devotion.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Commissioned in 1632 by Emperor Shah Jahan as a mausoleum for his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal, the Taj Mahal in Agra represents the zenith of Mughal architectural refinement. Crafted from pure white marble with intricate floral gemstone inlays and flawless symmetry, the monument employed tens of thousands of skilled craftsmen over two decades. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, it remains an immortal tribute to marital devotion.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Zenith -> Highest peak; Flanked -> Bordered on both sides; Inscribed -> Officially enrolled.

Unseen 36: Historical Evolution and Cultural Heritage of Dhaka City

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Dhaka, the vibrant capital of Bangladesh, is an ancient riverine metropolis with an illustrious history spanning more than four hundred years. Situated along the banks of the Buriganga River, Dhaka achieved imperial prominence in 1610 when Mughal Subahdar Islam Khan Chishti declared it the provincial capital of Bengal and renamed it ‘Jahangirnagar’. During Mughal rule, Dhaka was a bustling center of international textile trade, world-renowned for its translucent muslin fabric. Architectural marvels like Lalbagh Fort, Ahsan Manzil, and Tara Masjid highlight its historic opulence. In the twentieth century, Dhaka emerged as the epicenter of historic political struggles, notably the 1952 Language Movement and the 1971 Liberation War. Today, it stands as a bustling megacity and national economic engine.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Dhaka’s rise to historical prominence commenced in 1610 when it became the Mughal capital of Bengal, quickly gaining global renown for its exquisite muslin textiles and maritime commerce along the Buriganga. Endowed with monuments like Lalbagh Fort, it later spearheaded the twentieth-century political and linguistic movements leading to Bangladesh’s independence. Today, it thrives as the nation’s vibrant political, commercial, and cultural heartbeat.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Metropolis -> Major urban city; Translucent -> Semi-transparent; Spearheaded -> Led.

Unseen 37: Emperor Shah Jahan: Architectural Splendour and His Tragic Final Years

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Shah Jahan was the fifth Mughal Emperor of India, reigning from 1628 to 1658 during what is widely acclaimed as the golden age of Mughal architecture. The son of Emperor Jahangir, he demonstrated administrative acuity and boundless passion for grand monuments, constructing the Red Fort and Jama Masjid in Delhi, the Shalimar Gardens in Lahore, and the peerless Taj Mahal in Agra. However, his later reign was darkened by a ferocious war of succession among his four ambitious sons. In 1658, his third son, Aurangzeb, emerged victorious, usurped the throne, and confined the aging emperor inside the Agra Fort. Shah Jahan spent his final eight years in captivity, gazing melancholically at the Taj Mahal across the Yamuna until his death in 1666.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Emperor Shah Jahan (1592–1666) presided over the zenith of Mughal architectural grandeur, bequeathing monuments of matchless beauty such as the Taj Mahal and the Red Fort. Yet his triumphant reign concluded in tragedy when his son Aurangzeb seized the throne amidst a fraternal succession war in 1658. The former sovereign lived out his final eight years in confinement in Agra Fort, gazing toward his wife’s immortal tomb.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Zenith -> Apex/highest point; Fraternal -> Among brothers; Confinement -> Captivity.

Unseen 38: Kazi Nazrul Islam: The Rebel Poet and National Icon of Bangladesh

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Kazi Nazrul Islam is the beloved National Poet of Bangladesh, renowned as the ‘Bidrohi Kobi’ (Rebel Poet) for his fiery verses challenging British imperialism, religious fanaticism, and social inequality. Born on 24 May 1899 in Churulia, Burdwan, he endured severe childhood adversity, working as a baker’s boy and joining the British Indian Army during World War I. In 1921, he published his electrifying poem ‘Bidrohi’ (The Rebel), shaking the foundations of colonial rule. Nazrul was a prolific genius who composed nearly four thousand songs (Nazrul Geeti), revolutionizing Bengali music with classical ragas and Islamic ghazals. Tragically struck by a debilitating neurological illness in 1942, he was brought to sovereign Bangladesh in 1972 by Bangabandhu and conferred citizenship. He died on 29 August 1976 in Dhaka.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899–1976), Bangladesh’s revered National Poet, galvanized anti-colonial consciousness through impassioned poetry that condemned social tyranny, bigotry, and colonial exploitation. Famously recognized for his 1921 masterpiece ‘Bidrohi’, his extraordinary versatility produced thousands of melodic songs synthesizing diverse cultural traditions. Honored as the nation’s poetic conscience, his message of human equality remains perpetually inspiring.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Galvanized -> Energized into action; Bigotry -> Intolerance; Synthesizing -> Blending harmoniously.

Unseen 39: Electronic Mail (E-mail): The Genesis and Impact of Modern Digital Messaging

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Electronic mail, commonly abbreviated as e-mail, is a digital communication method that enables users to transmit text messages, documents, and multimedia attachments across computer networks. The foundation of modern e-mail was invented in 1971 by computer engineer Ray Tomlinson on the ARPANET network, who famously introduced the ‘@’ symbol to separate the user’s name from their machine’s host location. Unlike traditional postal mail (‘snail mail’), which required days to arrive, e-mail transmits information across the globe in seconds at nominal cost. Today, billions of business and personal e-mails are sent daily, empowering global commerce, academic collaboration, and administrative governance, though users must exercise vigilance against phishing scams and spam.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Invented in 1971 by Ray Tomlinson on the early ARPANET network, electronic mail revolutionized personal and professional communication by replacing traditional physical post with near-instantaneous digital message exchange. Introducing the universal ‘@’ symbol, e-mail transformed international commerce and educational coordination through rapid, affordable data transmission. Despite challenges like cyber fraud, it remains an indispensable backbone of global cyberspace.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Instantaneous -> Immediate; Indispensable -> Vital; Cyberspace -> Digital network domain.

Unseen 40: SAARC: Regional Cooperation, Shared Challenges and Opportunities in South Asia

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is a regional intergovernmental organization established on 8 December 1985 in Dhaka, Bangladesh, following an initiative championed by Bangladeshi President Ziaur Rahman. Comprising eight member nations—Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, and Afghanistan (joined in 2007)—SAARC seeks to accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development across South Asia. Its secretariat is located in Kathmandu, Nepal. SAARC promotes cooperative programs in agriculture, healthcare, rural development, and disaster management. Despite lingering political disputes among certain member states, SAARC remains a vital multilateral forum for fostering people-to-people connectivity and regional stability.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Founded in Dhaka in 1985 on Bangladesh’s initiative, SAARC unites eight South Asian nations to advance shared economic, cultural, and scientific development. Headquartered in Kathmandu, the alliance facilitates regional cooperation in agriculture, poverty alleviation, and disaster response. Despite persistent bilateral tensions between member states, it provides a crucial institutional platform for regional solidarity and civic engagement.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Multilateral -> Involving multiple nations; Bilateral -> Between two nations; Solidarity -> Mutual unity.

Unseen 41: Hazrat Omar (R): Nobility, Justice and the Welfare Governance of Caliphate

↑ আনসিন সূচি

আনসিন প্যাসেজ অনুচ্ছেদ (Reading Comprehension Passage):

“Hazrat Omar (R) was the second Caliph of Islam, renowned throughout world history for his unwavering sense of justice, uncompromising integrity, and compassionate welfare administration. As the leader of a vast Islamic empire, he routinely patrolled the streets of Madinah at night in disguise to witness his subjects’ true living conditions. On one nocturnal round, he overheard crying children and found a distressed widow boiling stones in water to soothe her starving orphans. Deeply afflicted, the Caliph rushed to the state treasury (Baitulmal), personally hoisted a sack of flour onto his own shoulders, and delivered it directly to the family, cooking food himself to feed the hungry children. His governance remains the gold standard of public servant leadership.”

Question 4: Complete the table below with information from the passage (5 Marks)

Question 5: Write a summary of the passage in your own words (10 Marks)

Hazrat Omar (R), the second Caliph of Islam, exemplified supreme justice and selfless welfare governance by secretly inspecting his subjects’ welfare at night. Discovering an impoverished widow boiling stones to console her starving offspring, he immediately carried heavy provisions from the Baitulmal on his own back and fed the family. His compassionate accountability remains an eternal model of righteous leadership.

প্যারাফ্রেজিং ও কি-ওয়ার্ড নোট: Nocturnal -> Nighttime; Afflicted -> Emotionally sorrowful; Accountability -> Moral responsibility.